Wintersholcomb8131

The cell viabilities of HepG2 and Huh7 cells were lower than those of HepG2 SR and Huh7 SR cells. PD-L1 overexpression reduced E-cadherin expression and increased N-cadherin levels, whereas PD-L1 knock-down increased E-cadherin expression and decreased N-cadherin expression. PD-L1 expression promoted EMT and the migratory and invasive abilities of HepG2 SR and Huh7 SR cells. PD-L1 promoted the EMT of sorafenib-resistant HCC cells via the PI3K/Akt pathway by activating SREBP-1 expression in HepG2 SR and Huh7 SR cells.

The findings reveal that PD-L1 expression promotes EMT of sorafenib-resistant HCC cells.

The findings reveal that PD-L1 expression promotes EMT of sorafenib-resistant HCC cells.

Biomarkers based on immune context may guide prognosis prediction. T-cell inactivation, exclusion, or dysfunction could cause unfavorable tumor microenvironments, which affect immunotherapy and prognosis. However, none of the immuno-biomarkers reported to date can differentiate colorectal-cancer (CRC) patients. Thus, we aimed to classify CRC patients according to the levels of T-cell activation, exclusion, and dysfunction in the tumor microenvironment.

RNAseq data of 618 CRC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas and microarray data of 316 CRC patients from Gene Expression Omnibus were analysed using the Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion algorithm. Unsupervised clustering was used to classify patients.

Based on the expression signatures of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, M2-like tumor-associated macrophages, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and PD-L1, all patients were clustered into four subtypes cluster 1 had a high level of immune dysfunction, cluster 2 had a low level ofserves as a reliable prognosis predictor and may help to refine patient selection for personalized cancer immunotherapy.

The prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like symptoms is high in untreated patients with microscopic colitis (MC), but there is uncertainty of the prevalence of IBS-like symptoms in treated patients. We assessed the degree of IBS-like symptoms in patients with MC in comparison to control subjects, and investigated the association between IBS-like symptoms and faecal calprotectin (FC) in MC patients.

Patients with an established MC diagnosis (

=

57) were compared to sex- and age-matched controls (

=

138) for scores in the GSRS-IBS (Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale for Irritable Bowel Syndrome) and HADS (Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale). In MC patients, an FC level was simultaneously analysed.

The median interval from MC diagnoses to the time the subjects participated in the study was 5.5 years (25th-75th percentiles; 4.5-9.5 years). The total GSRS-IBS score, subscores for abdominal pain, bloating, and diarrhoea were significantly higher in MC patients compared to controls (all

<

0.001). There was a significant correlation between FC levels and reported bowel frequency (

=

0.023), but there was no correlation between FC levels and GSRS-IBS scores. Patients with MC had significantly higher scores on anxiety (HADS-A) (

<

0.001) and used more selective serotonin-reuptake-inhibitor drugs (

=

0.016) than the control subjects. However, only the control subjects (not the patients with MC) showed significant correlations between GSRS-IBS scores and HADS scores.

Patients with MC reported more IBS-like symptoms and anxiety than control subjects but neither FC levels nor symptoms of affectivity were significantly correlated with IBS-like symptoms.

Patients with MC reported more IBS-like symptoms and anxiety than control subjects but neither FC levels nor symptoms of affectivity were significantly correlated with IBS-like symptoms.

Trough levels of the post-induction serum infliximab (IFX) are associated with short-term and long-term responses of Crohn's disease patients to IFX, but the inter-individual differences are large. We aimed to elucidate whether single gene polymorphisms (SNPs) within

,

,

,

,

,

,

, and

partially account for these differences and employed a multivariate regression model to predict patients' post-induction IFX levels.

The retrospective study included 189 Crohn's disease patients undergoing IFX therapy. Post-induction IFX levels were measured and 41 tag SNPs within eight genes were genotyped. Associations between SNPs and IFX levels were analysed. Then, a multivariate logistic-regression model was developed to predict whether the patients' IFX levels achieved the threshold of therapy (3 μg/mL).

Six SNPs (rs7587051, rs143063741, rs442905, rs59457695, rs3213448, and rs3021094) were significantly associated with the post-induction IFX trough level (

=

0.015,

<

0.001,

=

0.046,

=

0.022,

=

0.011,

=

0.013, respectively). A multivariate prediction model of the IFX level was established by baseline albumin (

=

0.002), rs442905 (

=

0.025), rs59457695 (

=

0.049), rs3213448 (

=

0.056), and rs3021094 (

=

0.047). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of this prediction model in a representative training dataset was 0.758. This result was verified in a representative testing dataset, with an AUROC of 0.733.

Polymorphisms in

,

, and

play an important role in the variability of IFX post-induction levels, as indicated in this multivariate prediction model of IFX levels with fair performance.

Polymorphisms in C1orf106, IL1RN, and IL10 play an important role in the variability of IFX post-induction levels, as indicated in this multivariate prediction model of IFX levels with fair performance.

Universal vaccination for hepatitis B virus (HBV) and migratory movements have changed the demographic characteristics of this disease in Spain and in Europe. Therefore, we evaluated the characteristics of the disease and the possible differences according to origin (immigrants vs non-immigrants) and access to treatment.

This is a multicenter cross-sectional study (June 2014 to May 2015) in which outpatients with a positive HBsAg were seen and followed in four Hepatology units. Demographic and clinical data and indication and access to treatment were collected in two different regions of Catalonia (Spain) where there are no barriers to treatment due to a comprehensive coverage under the National Health System.

A total of 951 patients were evaluated (48.1% men). Of these, 46.6% were immigrants (58.7% of them were born in Africa) and were significantly younger compared to non-immigrants. Bcl2 inhibitor The proportions of patients with alcohol consumption, being overweight, and other indicators of metabolic co-morbidities were significantly higher in non-immigrants.