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For each participant, the vertex from the PT- and MP-velocity quadratic models were quantified as the predicted maximum velocity of last measurable torque (VPT) and the predicted velocity of maximum mean power (VMP), respectively. Measurements of growth, PT and MP at all velocities, VPT, and VMP were greater in the adolescents than children. When normalized to CSA, VPT and VMP remained greater for adolescents than children, and exhibited low to very high relationships with measurements of growth. When normalized to MVIC strength, VPT and VMP were no longer different between children and adolescents and exhibited negligible to low relationships with measurements of growth. The results of the present study suggest that the ability to produce torque and power at high velocities may be more dependent on muscle strength than muscle size, which suggests that mechanisms other than muscular hypertrophy affect torque and power production at high velocities in young males and females.

To evaluate the effects of three different foci of attention (internal, external and mixed) on motor learning using craniocervical flexion test in inexperienced participants.

Ninety healthy young adults, with no experience in the task, practiced the craniocervical flexion test under three different focus of attention a) Mixed Focus (internal plus external), b) Internal Focus, and c) External Focus. We assessed immediate, post-training, and retention (one week after the last training session) aspects of motor learning by quantifying (i) the activity of the superficial cervical flexors muscles, (ii) craniocervical range of motion, and (iii) the performance on the craniocervical flexion test.

None of the groups showed any significant immediate, post-training, or retention effects on superficial neck flexors activity and craniocervical range of motion progression. At immediate assessment, mixed focus had greater craniocervical flexion performance than external (MD 0.9, 95%CI 0.2 to 1.5), and internal foci (experienced asymptomatic participants, different foci of attention were not able to change cervical muscle activity and craniocervical range of motion during the craniocervical flexion test. Mixed focus was better than external and internal focus on the craniocervical flexion test. These findings were retained after one week.

Even though the biological norm in humans is frequent on demand breastfeeding, sparse feeding intervals have become the cultural norm in most Western countries due to a history of on schedule breastfeeding. This discrepancy between the biological basis and the culturally driven practice continues to interfere with women's ability to breastfeed.

Our aim was to describe breastfeeding patterns in 2-month-old infants before and after the implementation of a breastfeeding support program. A secondary aim was to investigate the relationship between breastfeeding patterns and the mother's self-efficacy in breastfeeding.

The study had a baseline/intervention design and was part of a larger project aiming to revive the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding program. The larger project included breastfeeding training for health care professionals and provision of breastfeeding information to parents, including information about on demand breastfeeding. Data were gathered via breastfeeding diaries (n=79 mothers from each group) and the Breastfeeding Self-efficacy Scale-Short Form (n=83 in the baseline group and n=79 in the intervention group).

On demand breastfeeding patterns were more common in the intervention group (97.5%) than in the baseline group (74.7%) (p<0.001), and breastfeeding sessions were more frequent in the intervention group (a median of 14 times per 24h versus 11 times in the baseline group; p=0.026). click here Self-efficacy in breastfeeding did not differ between the groups, but was higher in mothers with exclusive breastfeeding.

Knowledge about infants' breastfeeding behavior can strengthen on demand breastfeeding. Exclusive breastfeeding is associated with higher self-efficacy.

Knowledge about infants' breastfeeding behavior can strengthen on demand breastfeeding. Exclusive breastfeeding is associated with higher self-efficacy.

An early intervention that enhances early development in infants born preterm, called 'Supporting Play, Exploration and Early Development Intervention' (SPEEDI) has been shown to be feasible in Virginia, United States, in a pilot study. Infants receive 10 therapy sessions until 3months' corrected age (CA) (Phase 1[5 hospital sessions] and Phase 2[5 home-based sessions]) in addition to usual care.

To determine the feasibility of SPEEDI for very preterm infants in an Australian context.

Prospective pilot feasibility randomised controlled trial.

Infants born <30weeks' gestation (GA), recruited between 34 and 38

weeks' postmenstrual age.

Primary outcome was feasibility of SPEEDI, including recruitment rate, participant retention, sessions delivered, and therapy fidelity. Secondary outcome measures were developmental outcomes, including the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development - 3rd Edition (BSID-III) at 4months' CA.

Of 19 eligible infants, 17 consented, SPEEDI n=8 and usual care n=9 (mean GA=26.7weeks [SD 1.4], male n=10). All participants completed the study, with 80% of SPEEDI therapy sessions completed (90% Phase 1; 72% Phase 2). On average, therapists and parents used 78% and 77% of SPEEDI strategies in each session respectively. Infants in the SPEEDI group had higher scores on the BSID-III for gross motor, and expressive and receptive language subscales at 4months' CA.

SPEEDI is a feasible intervention to deliver, and preliminary results suggest that SPEEDI may lead to improved motor and language outcomes at 4months' CA, with results supporting future larger clinical trials.

SPEEDI is a feasible intervention to deliver, and preliminary results suggest that SPEEDI may lead to improved motor and language outcomes at 4 months' CA, with results supporting future larger clinical trials.In advanced ovarian cancer (AOC) the complete eradication of all macroscopic disease at primary debulking surgery (PDS) is associated with the best outcome. If this cannot be achieved, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS) can make complete cytoreduction possible while reducing postoperative morbidity. It is still debated if PDS and NACT- IDS are associated with similar survival and if they provide different outcomes when optimal cytoreduction is achieved. For a tailored surgical planning, accurate prediction of tumor's resectability, assessment of patient's performance status and in-depth knowledge of tumor biology are required. Both BRCA1/2 status and the "chemotherapy response score" are reliable markers of chemosensitivity and may thus improve our way to triage patients to PDS or NACT-IDS; furthermore, they could be used to modulate our surgical approach and define appropriate subgroups of patients for whom new therapies should be tested.