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Previous studies have suggested that sensory loss is linked to depression. However, most of these studies have been conducted in developed countries and the results are mixed.

The current study aims to examine the longitudinal relationship between hearing loss, vision loss, dual sensory loss, and depression among Chinese older adults over four years.

The data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS). In total, 6353 Chinese older adults aged 60 years and over were included at baseline in this study. Self-reported hearing and vision status was used, and dual sensory loss was a combined variable of hearing loss and vision loss. Depressive symptoms were assessed by The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10). The baseline relationship between sensory loss and depression was explored by logistic regression analyses. Selleck SBE-β-CD A logistic mixed model was used to assess whether baseline sensory loss was associated with incident depression for older adults with noive symptoms over time, while hearing loss is not associated with depression. Interactions between all types of sensory loss and social activities are not significant. Our results suggest that target mental health intervention programs should be delivered to vision loss or dual sensory loss populations.

The upcoming conversion of the ICD-11 will subdivide patients with bipolar disorder (BD) into BD type I (BD-I) and BD type II (BD-II). This study aimed to investigate whether cognitive impairments could aid as objective cognitive biomarkers for recently diagnosed BD subtypes by comparing cognitive profiles between BD subtypes, their unaffected relatives (UR), and healthy controls (HC).

The sample included 76 patients with BD-I, 149 patients with BD-II, 28 UR of patients with BD-I (UR-I), 50 UR of patients with BD-II (UR-II) and 168 HC from the Bipolar Illness Onset study, who were assessed with an extensive non-affective and affective cognitive test battery.

The results showed no significant differences in affective or non-affective cognition between BD-I and BD-II. Compared to HC, patients with BD-I (but not BD-II) showed worse performance in verbal fluency (p=.01) and were slower at recognising fearful faces (p=.045), while patients with BD-II (but not BD-I) displayed generally poorer recognition of facial expressions (p=.02). Only UR-I showed lower performance on verbal fluency (p=.049) and aberrant affective cognition (ps≤.047) compared to HC.

The potential confounding effects of medication were not explored.

The lack of significant differences in cognitive profiles between recently diagnosed BD-I and BD-II suggests that neither affective nor non-affective cognition are indicative of BD subtype.

The lack of significant differences in cognitive profiles between recently diagnosed BD-I and BD-II suggests that neither affective nor non-affective cognition are indicative of BD subtype.

High intensity interval training (HIIT) may have beneficial effects among people living with severe mental illness (SMI), however there remains an absence of information on attitudes of key stakeholders (e.g. family carers, healthcare professionals) towards offering HIIT interventions in psychiatric inpatient settings. This study sought to qualitatively investigate, in inpatients with SMI, carer and staff groups, perspectives on implementing HIIT interventions for patient groups in inpatient settings.

Seven focus groups and one individual interview were conducted. These included three focus groups held with inpatients with SMI (n=13), two held with carers (n=15), and two held with healthcare professionals working in inpatient settings (n=11). An additional individual interview was conducted with one patient participant.

Two key themes emerged from the data, across all participants, that reflected the 'Positivity' in the application of HIIT interventions in psychiatric inpatient settings with beliefs that it would help patients feel more relaxed, build their fitness, and provide a break from the monotony of ward environments. The second theme related to 'Implementation concerns', that reflected subthemes about i) patient motivation, ii) patient safety and iii) practical logistical factors, including having access to the right sports clothing and staff availability.

Investigations were limited to one mental health service provider and participants might already be those with an interest in exercise-based interventions.

HIIT interventions for SMI inpatients were perceived positively by key stakeholders. However, individual and organisational barriers to successful implementation are identified and should be addressed in advance.

HIIT interventions for SMI inpatients were perceived positively by key stakeholders. However, individual and organisational barriers to successful implementation are identified and should be addressed in advance.

we aim to estimate the prevalence of depression underdiagnosis among women and whether pregnant women are at higher risk STUDY DESIGN we used data from the Brazilian National Survey (PNS 2013), a population-based study. All 22.455 women (18-49 years old) answered the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and a questionnaire with sociodemographic, obstetric and clinical data. There were 2.605 (2.491 non-pregnant and 114 pregnant women) depressed women (PHQ-9 >8)with a clinical diagnosis of depression, in the last 30 days. Classification of depression underdiagnosis was made using the comparison between results obtained from the self-referred question evaluating clinical diagnosis of depression by providers and the results of the PHQ-9 application. Women with a PHQ-9 score > 8 and with a "No" answer in the clinical question were classified as depression underdiagnosis. Logistic regression models were performed to obtain crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) RESULTS Depression underdiagnosis prevalence was 71.2% and was more frequent among pregnant women in comparison with non-pregnant women (88.1% vs 68.0%; p=0.002). In the adjusted analysis, being pregnant was significantly associated with depression underdiagnosis (aOR 3.55, 95% CI 1.667.60). Nonwhite skin color women were also at higher risk of depression underdiagnosis (aOR 1.53, 95% CI 1.092.14).

the cross-sectional design and the lack of medical records data about assessment of mental health CONCLUSION(S) in Brazil, depression underdiagnosis by providers is prevalent and pregnant women and minority women are at higher risk of not receiving a correct mental health diagnosis.

the cross-sectional design and the lack of medical records data about assessment of mental health CONCLUSION(S) in Brazil, depression underdiagnosis by providers is prevalent and pregnant women and minority women are at higher risk of not receiving a correct mental health diagnosis.