Melchiorsenerickson4838

As dairy herds increase in size, close monitoring of health becomes a necessity, but this is expensive and labour-intensive. Early detection of febrile diseases is essential for economical and welfare reasons and to prevent the spread of disease. The goal of this study was therefore to evaluate a mobile, non-invasive technique for measuring the body temperature of cows that precludes the need for restraint of the animals.

An infrared thermographic imaging camera installed on a smart phone was used to measure the surface temperature of cows. In experiment 1, a metal block heated to defined temperatures was used to obtain infrared thermographic measurements (THM). The accuracy of THM made at different distances from the block and at 2 different ambient temperatures was determined. In experiment 2, non-febrile cows underwent infrared thermographic imaging, and the body regions with the highest correlations between thermographic and rectal temperature were identified. In experiment 3, THM were made in febrilelsely identified as febrile need to be separated, caught and re-examined, which causes unnecessary stress to the animal and increases labour input.

Based on the low specificities of the infrared THM, the thermographic imaging camera has limited usefulness for the mass screening of dairy cows for febrile conditions. Cattle falsely identified as febrile need to be separated, caught and re-examined, which causes unnecessary stress to the animal and increases labour input.

In Saxony and Thuringia, federal states of Germany with a low density of commercial pig farms, a voluntary program aims at controlling porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection. This targets the eradication of the infection on a herd level which has previously been achieved in a subset of herds. The presented study aimed at identifying management factors related with a positive or a negative PRRSV antibody (AB status) or PRRSV genome status (PCR status) on a herd level.

Data were collected in 82 farms in a region implementing a voluntary PRRSV control program. The test findings for the years 2011 to 2018 were compiled for each year and associated with the interrogated parameters. A generalized linear mixed model was used to identify factors associated with the AB and PCR status.

The variables "separation of contaminated and non-contaminated areas on the loading ramp" (p = 0.012), "separation of gilts and sows" (p = 0.017) and "recording of visitors in a book" (p = 0.046) werepig herds. Breaking the infection cycle in gilts, either by separation of gilts from older sows or immunization, may be considered as a key aspect, presumably additionally supported by keeping gilts together with fattening pigs.

Clinical ketosis is common during the dairy cows' transition period and is responsible for considerable economic loss. Early identification of cows with subclinical ketosis is the first step for maintaining the health and productivity of dairy cows. The goals of the study were two-fold The first was to examine the usefulness of a mobile test device as a cow-side test; and the second was to compare BHB concentrations measured by the ketometer using capillary blood and blood collected from the coccygeal vessels with values determined by a reference method in the laboratory using jugular blood.

Blood samples were collected from a jugular vein or the coccygeal vessels in 81 dairy cows at 7 time points (14 and 7 days pre-partum and 7, 14, 21, 28, and 42 days post-partum) for kinetic enzymatic measurement of BHB concentration in the laboratory. Blood samples were concurrently collected from the coccygeal vessels or by pricking the vulvar lip at the transition of the skin to the mucosa (capillary blood) to deteror subclinical ketosis using capillary or coccygeal blood.

The WellionVet BELUA ketometer is useful for determination of BHB concentration in cows provided that the manufacturer's specifications are followed. Capillary blood is best collected at the transition from the vulvar skin to its mucosa. The device generates rapid results that correlate well with BHB concentrations determined in the laboratory and with the results obtained from different blood collection sites. It is ideally suited for monitoring dairy cows for subclinical ketosis using capillary or coccygeal blood.Multimodal pain management for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is essential to enhance functional recovery. Regional anesthesia became a vital component to decrease pain after TKA. Several studies compared femoral versus adductor canal blocks, including evaluating medications that can prolong adductor canal blocks. see more Liposomal bupivacaine (LB) and continuous local infusion (OnQ) both extend local anesthetic delivery beyond 24 hours. This superiority study compared the use of OnQ versus LB in adductor canal blocks. A retrospective study was conducted between two cohorts of consecutive patients who received adductor canal blocks with either LB or a continuous ropivacaine infusion catheter. Morphine equivalent dose (MED), pain scores, and length of stay (LOS) were compared between the two groups by using the analysis of covariance test. There were 106 patients in the OnQ group and 146 in the LB group. The OnQ group consumed significantly fewer opioids compared with the LB group in the recovery room (5.7 MED vs. 11.7 MED, p = 0.002) and over the entire hospitalization (the recovery room plus on the floor; 33.3 MED vs. 42.8 MED, p = 0.009). Opioid use between the OnQ and LB group did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.21). The average pain scores at rest and with activity were similar in both groups (p = 0.894, p = 0.882). The LOS between the OnQ and LB groups was not statistically significant (1.2 vs. 1.3, p = 0.462). OnQ and LB were equally effective in decreasing opioid consumption on the floor over the averaged 1.3 days of hospitalization; however, the OnQ group significantly reduced opioid use in the recovery room. There was no difference in pain scores or LOS between the two groups. OnQ comparatively prolonged infusion of local anesthetic is a potential edge over LB. This advantage may offset the inconvenience of catheter management and infrequent catheter complications.