Nixonadams7591

To compare the efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave therapy versus standard care (ultrasound + hot pack + self-stretch-exercises) in treatment of neck and upper back myofascial pain syndrome.

Single-blind randomised clinical trial.

Outpatients setting.

Patients with neck and upper back myofascial pain.

Participants were randomly allocated into shock wave group (

 = 24), standard care (ultrasound + hot pack + self-stretch-exercises) group (

 = 24) and control (self-stretch-exercises) group (

 = 24) for four weeks.

The primary outcomes were pain intensity (visual analogue scale), pain pressure threshold (algometer) and disability (neck disability index). Measures were performed at baseline (week 0), week 1 and post-intervention (week 4).

Shock wave and ultrasound improved visual analogue scale (7.50 ± 1.71 to 5.72 ± 2.20 and 6.22 ± 2.54 to 4.95 ± 2.86, respectively,

 = 0.083) and disability index (54.24 ± 15.53 to 39.04 ± 19.58 50.23 ± 19.57 to 32.10 ± 18.34, respectively,

 = 0.495) similaat this time point.Trial registrationwww.irct.ir, IRCT201608154104N5, registered 2016-09-25.Drawn upon the cognitive mediation model, this study proposes an adapted model and examines the mechanisms by which Chinese women's risk perception of breast cancer becomes associated with their breast cancer examination intention. Our hypothesized model was largely supported by an online survey with a nationwide sample of 458 Chinese women. The results indicated that a person's perceived risk for breast cancer motivated information seeking and scanning using various mass media and online channels, which then positively predicted the person's quest for greater elaboration and more interpersonal discussion. In addition, elaboration was positively associated with breast cancer-related factual knowledge and subjective norms, whereas interpersonal discussion only exerted a positive relationship with subjective norms but not factual knowledge. As predicted, knowledge and subjective norms were positively associated with people's intentions to pursue breast cancer examination. Future research should consider both information seeking and scanning in the process of media learning and reflection. In addition to intrapersonal factors like knowledge, the interpersonal reasoning process that cultivates a favorable social influence is pivotal in promoting breast cancer examination in China.

To conduct a systematic review looking at the effects of ocriplasmin compared to pars plana vitrectomy on macular holes to assess the effectiveness of the treatment options.

Literature was searched through MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Clinical Trials.gov, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses until June 12, 2018. Conferences held through Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Canadian Society of Ophthalmology, and American Academy of Ophthalmology were searched until June 18, 2018. A total of 208 records were screened leaving 26. One author independently reviewed them for quality and extracted data. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines were followed. The adverse events, MH closure rate, change in MH size, and the extent to which the patients' visual acuity is restored by each treatment option; ocriplasmin and vitrectomy.

Twenty-six articles were included for qualitative and quantitative analysis. Meta-analysis results showed a 34% closure of macular holes after ocriplasmin treatment compared to 92% after vitrectomy. A significant improvement in visual acuity was seen after vitrectomy (SMD = -1.42; CI [-1.98, -0.86]) as well as the ocriplasmin treatment (SMD = -0.73; CI [-0.98, -0.48]).

Results suggested 92% macular hole closure after vitrectomy compared to 34% after ocriplasmin. A significant improvement in visual acuity of patients was seen after both treatments. More good quality randomized controlled trials are required to make strong conclusions.

Results suggested 92% macular hole closure after vitrectomy compared to 34% after ocriplasmin. A significant improvement in visual acuity of patients was seen after both treatments. More good quality randomized controlled trials are required to make strong conclusions.Objectives Although there is no comparison study about the learning curves for holmium laser enucleation and other surgical modalities to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), beginner urologists are hesitant to perform holmium laser enucleation because of its steep learning curve. Therefore, we investigated the degree of surgical difficulty of holmium laser enucleation by comparing its learning curve with that of transurethral resection. Patients and Methods Two beginner urologists performed surgery for BPH H.J.Y. performed holmium laser enucleation and K.H.K. performed transurethral resection. Of 141 patients, 72 were enrolled in the holmium laser enucleation group and 69 in the transurethral prostate resection group. After retrospectively reviewing medical records, we performed a cumulative sum analysis of resection speed (RS) and resected ratio (RR) to compare the learning curves of holmium laser enucleation and transurethral resection. Results Both surgeons achieved RS competency with a speed less then 0.13 g/min. The surgeon who performed holmium laser enucleation achieved RR competency with a ratio less then 0.40, whereas the surgeon who performed transurethral resection achieved competency with a ratio less then 0.35. To achieve RS competency of 0.13 g/mL, the holmium laser enucleation and transurethral resection groups required 12 and 23 cases, respectively. ZP10A peptide To achieve RR competency of 0.35, the holmium laser enucleation and transurethral resection groups required 12 and 5 cases, respectively. Conclusions Holmium laser enucleation is not a difficult procedure compared with transurethral resection in beginner urologists. Therefore, it is unnecessary to avoid holmium laser enucleation because the concerns that it may be difficult are unfounded.Background/Purpose The purpose of this study was (1) to identify changes in structural connectivity after stroke and (2) to relate changes in indirect connectivity to post-stroke impairment. Methods A novel measure of indirect connectivity was implemented to assess the impact of stroke on brain connectivity. Probabilistic tractography was performed on 13 chronic stroke and 16 control participants to estimate connectivity between gray matter (GM) regions. The Fugl-Meyer assessment of motor impairment was measured for stroke participants. Network measures of direct and indirect connectivity were calculated, and these measures were linearly combined with measures of white matter integrity to predict motor impairment. Results We found significantly reduced indirect connectivity in the frontal and parietal lobes, ipsilesional subcortical regions, and bilateral cerebellum after stroke. When added to the regression analysis, the volume of GM with reduced indirect connectivity significantly improved the correlation between image parameters and upper extremity motor impairment (R2 = 0.