Craigstephenson5538
Elucidation of these mechanisms will be fruitful to design new chemotherapeutic strategies.
Canola oil (CO) is a plant-based oil with the potential to improve several cardiometabolic risk factors. We systematically reviewed controlled clinical trials investigating the effects of CO on lipid profiles, apo-lipoproteins, glycemic indices, inflammation, and blood pressure compared to other edible oils in adults.
Online databases were searched for articles up to January 2020. Forty-two articles met the inclusion criteria. CO significantly reduced total cholesterol (TC, -0.27mmol/l, n=37), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, -0.23mmol/l, n=35), LDL-C to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (LDL/HDL, -0.21, n=10), TC/HDL (-0.13, n=15), apolipoprotein B (Apo B, -0.03g/l, n=14), and Apo B/Apo A-1 (-0.02, n=6) compared to other edible oils (P < 0.05). Compared to olive oil, CO decreased TC (-0.23mmol/l, n=9), LDL-C (-0.17mmol/l, n=9), LDL/HDL (-0.39, n=2), and triglycerides in VLDL (VLDL-TG, -0.10mmol/l, n=2) (P < 0.05). Compared to sunflower oil, CO improved LDL-C (-0.14mmol/l, n=11), and LDL/HDL (-0.30, n=3) (P < 0.05). In comparison with saturated fats, CO improved TC (-0.59mmol/l, n=11), TG (-0.08mmol/l, n=11), LDL-C (-0.49mmol/l, n=10), TC/HDL (-0.29, n=5), and Apo B (-0.09g/l, n=4) (P < 0.05). Based on the nonlinear dose-response curve, replacing CO with ~15% of total caloric intake provided the greatest benefits.
CO significantly improved different cardiometabolic risk factors compared to other edible oils. Further well-designed clinical trials are warranted to confirm the dose-response associations.
CO significantly improved different cardiometabolic risk factors compared to other edible oils. Further well-designed clinical trials are warranted to confirm the dose-response associations.
It is still unclear whether a healthy diet can prevent heart failure (HF). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet, reflected by modified Mediterranean Diet Scores (mMDS), and the incidence of HF in men and women.
This observational study comprised 9316 men and 27,645 women from the EPIC-NL cohort free from cardiovascular disease at baseline. Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. mMDS was calculated using a 9-point scale based on consumption of vegetables, legumes, fruit, nuts, seeds, grains, fish, fat ratio, dairy, meat and alcohol. HF events were ascertained by linkage to nation-wide registries. Multivariable Hazard Ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated by Cox proportional hazards regression models. Over a median follow-up of 15 years (IQR 14-16), 633 HF events occurred 144 in men (1.5%) and 489 in women (1.8%). The median mMDS was 4 (IQR 3-5). There was significant effect modification by sex (P-value for interaction <0.001), therefore results are stratified for men and women. For men, a higher mMDS associated with lower HF risk (HR 0.88; 95% CI 0.79, 0.98 per point increase in mMDS; HR upper category 0.53; 95% CI 0.33, 0.86), whereas no association was found in women (HR 0.98; 95% CI 0.93, 1.04 per point increase; HR upper category 1.07; 95% CI 0.83, 1.36).
Adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet may reduce HF risk, particularly in men. The underlying reasons for the differences in findings between men and women need further study.
Adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet may reduce HF risk, particularly in men. The underlying reasons for the differences in findings between men and women need further study.
Nutrition regimen in parenteral nutrition (PN) patients allows for a control of diet components. This may affect the process of lipid deposition in the vascular wall and change the risk of atherosclerosis. SR-717 clinical trial This study aims to examine the effect of long-term PN in adults on carotid intima-media thickness.
Thirty long-term PN patients (15 men and 15 women, mean age 64.7±8.5 years) and thirty healthy volunteers (HV) (15 men and 15 women, mean age 64.9±8.77 years) entered the study. Total amino acid and lipid formulation intake as well as duration of PN were calculated for PN patients. The common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA IMT) was examined in both groups. A lower CCA IMT (right/left mean PN - 776±121 vs HV - 848±121μm, p<0.05; right/left maximum CCA IMT PN - 935±139 vs HV - 1024±135μm, p<0.05) in PN patients was observed. A lower serum level of total (PN - 131.43±43.12 vs HV - 209.2±48.01mg/dl, p<0.05) and HDL (PN- 44.16±12.45 vs HV - 72.57±25.04mg/dl, p<0.05) cholesterol was reported in the PN patients. A correlation between patients' age and CCA IMT was observed in the control group, but not in the PN patients (right/left mean CCA IMT - PN r=0.48, p-0.007 vs HV p-0.073; right/left maximum CCA IMT - PN r=0.48, p-0.008, vs HV p-0.073).
Long term PN in adults is associated with lower CCA IMT. Long-term PN patients are a unique group in which carotid intima-media thickness does not correlate with the age.
Long term PN in adults is associated with lower CCA IMT. Long-term PN patients are a unique group in which carotid intima-media thickness does not correlate with the age.
Alaska Native (AN) traditional lifestyle may be protective against chronic disease risk. Weight gain in adulthood has been linked to increases in chronic disease risk among other populations; yet, its impact among Alaska Native people has never been evaluated. We aimed to evaluate changes in obesity-related metrics over time, and determine associations of changes with cardiometabolic markers of chronic disease risk among AN people.
Study participants enrolled in the southcentral Alaska Education and Research Towards Health Study in 2004-2006 were invited to participate in a follow-up study conducted 2015-2017. Of the original 1320 participants, 388 completed follow-up health assessments consisting of multiple health surveys, anthropometric measurements, and cardiometabolic measures including blood sugars, blood lipids, and blood pressure. Differences in measurements between visits were determined and associations of weight change with cardiometabolic measures evaluated. Body mass index increased by 3.7kg/m
among men and 4.
