Shoresylvest1949

There has been a steady increase in cannabis use among US adolescents over the past decade. Perceptions of risk, specifically the belief that cannabis use is not harmful, may contribute to this increased use. The purpose of this study was to evaluate parental, school, and peer influence as protective factors in perceiving there is risk of harm from monthly cannabis use. Using the 2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), the study outcome was self-reported perceived risk of harm from monthly cannabis use amongst adolescents between ages 12 and 17. The exposures were parental monitoring and support, perception of school importance, extracurricular activity participation, peer attitudes towards cannabis use, and perception of peer cannabis use. Of 12,024 eligible adolescents, about 80% reported perceived risk of harm from monthly cannabis use. Multiple logistic regression models suggest the perception of risk of harm from monthly cannabis use was significantly associated with perception of peers using cannabis, perception of peers' disapproval of cannabis use, perception of school importance, and participation in extracurricular activities. Adolescents who perceived that monthly cannabis use was risky had high parental monitoring, low perception of peer use, high perception of peers' disapproval of cannabis use, high perception of school importance, and participated more in extracurricular activities. These findings suggest substance use prevention programs targeting adolescent attitudes and beliefs would benefit from leveraging peer influence, promoting extracurricular activities, and enhancing schoolwork to be more meaningful.Valid and reliable measures are needed to better understand the relationship between physical activity and crime. This paper provides a comprehensive psychometric evaluation of measures developed in the Safe and Fit Environments (SAFE) Study to assess a crime-PA conceptual framework. In addition to assessing the basic psychometric properties of each measure (e.g., variable distributions [item/scale level], internal consistency reliability), this study formally examined the measurement validity and invariance of measures across four age groups using confirmatory factor analysis. The sample (n = 2173) included 336 Adolescents (aged 12-17), 532 Young adults (aged 18-39), 838 Middle Age Adults, and 467 Older Adults (aged 66+). The psychometric evaluation of (sub)scales showed consistent factorial validity and internal consistency reliability across the majority of the measures and across the four age groups. Specifically, 14 of the 17 measures displayed statistically and practically significant factor loadings and internal consistency values in the overall sample and across the age groups. The pattern of correlations for each (sub)scale with other (sub)scales/indexes largely did not exhibit redundancy across measures. The findings expanded upon the test-retest reliability evaluation reported in Patch et al. (2019), and clarified key aspects of the construct validity of these indicators. The latter bodes well for potential utility of these indicators in future predictive models.JUUL is a groundbreaking electronic cigarette (e-cig) and the preeminent vaping product on the market. We present an overview of the rapid and spectacular rise of JUUL and its remarkable fall within the timespan of 2015 - 2020. see more We highlight JUUL's entering the market in June 2015, becoming the industry leader in mid 2017, and experiencing a litany of setbacks by late 2019 through to early 2020. We address the role played by JUUL in the ongoing epidemic of youth vaping. We also feature competing views on the public health impact of JUUL use (in particular), and e-cig vaping (in general). We further highlight the latest trends in youth vaping and sales records for JUUL and tobacco cigarettes. In view of the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19, we briefly summarize the existing evidence on the relationship between vaping and smoking and the prevalence, disease course, and clinical outcomes of COVID-19.The growing resistance to the current antimalarial drugs in the absence of a vaccine can be effectively tackled by identifying new metabolic pathways that are essential to the survival of the malaria parasite and developing new drugs against them. Triterpenes and steroids are the most abundant group of natural products with a great variety of biological activities. However, lanosterol is not known to possess any significant biological activity. In this study the binding and interactions of a dinitrophenyl hydrazine (DNP) derivative of lanosterol, LAN (a derivative that incorporates a substantially polar moiety into the steroid) with P. falciparum transketolase was studied by molecular docking and MD simulation with the view to exploit the DNP derivative as a lead in antimalarial chemotherapy development considering that the P. falciparum transketolase (PfTk) is a novel target in antimalarial chemotherapy. The enzyme catalyses the production of ribose sugars needed for nucleic acid synthesis; it lacks a three- days post drug administration showing that the compound indeed has potential as an antimalarial agent and a likely inhibitor of PfTk considering that there is a strong agreement between the in-silico results and biological study.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40203-021-00097-8.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40203-021-00097-8.

The COVID-19 pandemic has raised concern about healthcare worker exposure risk. Surgeons operating near the aerodigestive tract are at particularly high risk, given the respiratory spread of SARS-CoV-2. This study examines the practices and opinions of craniofacial surgeons as they adapt to a worldwide epidemic.

An electronic survey study was conducted on practicing craniomaxillofacial surgeons regarding their preference of personal protective equipment use before, during, and after the pandemic in patients with or without COVID-19 infection, as well as demographic data. Statistical analysis was performed to compare changes in behaviors and preferences and differences across demographic groups.

Craniofacial surgeons changed their behaviors significantly during the pandemic, with 91.5% of respondents wearing N95 masks or powered air purifying respirators for operations involving exposure of the nasal or oral airways on untested patients, compared with 4.3% before the pandemic (

< 0.001). For examinations in the clinic, 100% reported wearing a mask during the pandemic compared with 40.