Rasmussenkaspersen5066

001, r = 0.851), IOPg (P = .044, r = 0.213), CCT (P less then .001, r = 0.477), and IOP (P = .005, r = 0.295). Corneal hysteresis showed a significant, negative correlation with IOPcc (P = .001, r = -0.355), ACA (P = .005, r = -0.294), ACV (P = .019, r = -0.246), and ACD (P = .046, r = -0.211). CONCLUSIONS Patients with childhood obesity have lower corneal hysteresis and higher IOPcc measurements when compared with healthy patients. Corneal tissue changes may occur in early life in childhood obesity, which could lead to ocular disease in the future. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2020;57(2)103-107.]. Copyright 2020, SLACK Incorporated.PURPOSE To evaluate the overall frequency of visual function loss in pediatric patients with congenital blepharoptosis. METHODS This retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary center. The clinical records of patients younger than 18 years who were diagnosed as having congenital blephroptosis, underwent surgery, and had at least 1 year of postoperative follow-up were evaluated. Visual acuity results, presence of structural eye abnormalities, presence and type of amblyopia and strabismus, and refractive errors were recorded. The Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, and stepwise regression analysis were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS The mean final visual acuity was 0.11 ± 0.23 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) (range 0.0 to 1.0 logMAR) at the final follow-up visit for 143 eyes of 123 patients (65 male and 58 female). In this cohort, 30 patients (24.4%) had amblyopia and 5 patients (4.1%) had visual loss related to structural eye pathology, amounting to a total of 35 patients (2 eye pathology contributes independently to 4.1% of visual loss in this clinical setting. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2020;57(2)97-102.]. Copyright 2020, SLACK Incorporated.PURPOSE To evaluate the relationship between optic nerve cup-to-disc ratio and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in suspected pediatric glaucoma with large cup-to-disc ratios. METHODS This was a retrospective study undertaken at a single academic institution. Eighty-six eyes of 43 patients who presented with large (≥ 0.5) cup-to-disc ratios in both eyes and without elevated intraocular pressure were evaluated using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Global and sectoral peripapillary RNFL thickness measurements, Bruch's membrane opening size, refractive error in spherical equivalents, and intraocular pressure levels were recorded for all patients. Cup-to-disc ratios were manually derived using digital fundus images (D-cup-to-disc ratio). Parameters were compared between gender or race by t tests or analysis of variance. The differences in the relationship among the clinical parameters between two eyes were assessed using generalized estimation equation modeling followed by Pearson's correlation analysis. RESULTS Forty-three patients (25 boys and 18 girls) with a mean age of 9.3 ± 2.7 years (range 5 to 15 years) were included. The mean global peripapillary RNFL thickness and the D-cup-to-disc ratio of study eyes were 99.0 ± 9.2 µm and 0.66 ± 0.03, respectively. The peripapillary RNFL thickness was found to be correlated with refractive error (r = 0.404; P = .008) and Bruch's membrane opening size (r = 0.410; P = .008) but not with cup-to-disc ratios (r = 0.029; P = .858) or patient age (r = -0.044; P = .797). CONCLUSIONS In patients with suspected pediatric glaucoma who present with large cup-to-disc ratios, RNFL thickness does not correlate with the degree of optic nerve cupping. Myopic refractive errors and Bruch's membrane opening size need to be taken into consideration to prevent misinterpretation of peripapillary RNFL measurements. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2020;57(2)90-96.]. Copyright 2020, SLACK Incorporated.PURPOSE To assess whether delay to full hypermetropic correction wear in children might influence the outcome of a diagnosis of full versus partially accommodative esotropia. METHODS All children younger than 7 years who were referred with possible strabismus over a 1-year period were assessed. A standard set of details were documented age at which esotropia was first noticed, age at which esotropia was confirmed by an orthoptist, age at which glasses were prescribed, and age at which full refractive error was constantly worn. When full-time hypermetropic correction was worn, the type of esotropia was determined. RESULTS There were 430 children referred. Of these, 117 had a concomitant esotropia (62 males and 55 females). Esotropia was confirmed at 35.47 ± 16.67 months of age (range 4 to 78 months). There were 51 children (43.6%) with full accommodative esotropia, 57 (48.7%) with partially accommodative esotropia, and 9 (7.7%) with nonaccommodative esotropia. Longer delays between the time at which esotropia was identified and the time at which glasses were prescribed were associated with a reduced likelihood of an outcome of full versus partially accommodative esotropia (odds ratio [OR] = 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.58 to 0.93). Delay to glasses wear for full and partially accommodative esotropia was 1.94 ± 6.4 and 6.24 ± 8.36 months, respectively. selleck chemicals Higher average spherical correction scores were associated with a higher likelihood of being in the full accommodative esotropia group (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.07 to 1.69). CONCLUSIONS A child with recent onset concomitant esotropia is more likely to achieve full versus partially accommodative esotropia if the delay to full hypermetropic corrective glasses wear is minimized. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2020;57(2)85-89.]. Copyright 2020, SLACK Incorporated.PURPOSE To evaluate trends in the representation of pediatric-related articles in leading general ophthalmology journals for 20 years. METHODS A list of all relevant publications from five top-ranking general ophthalmology journals (Ophthalmology, JAMA Ophthalmology, American Journal of Ophthalmology, British Journal of Ophthalmology, and Acta Ophthalmologica) between January 1997 and December 2016 was retrieved using the PubMed search engine. Articles captured by the age filter "child birth-18 years" were considered pediatric. The annual pediatric publication rate was calculated as the fraction of pediatric articles out of the total number of articles within each year for every journal. A linear mixed effects model was applied to determine the trend in the pediatric publication rate during the study period. RESULTS A total of 37,181 publications were included in the analysis, of which 7,828 (21.1%) were classified as "pediatric." During the study period, there was a statistically significant decrease in pediatric publication rates, with an annual absolute decrease of 0.