Gravesenadams9475

ed cereals, potatoes, vegetables and dairy products lower than EAR and exceed EAR of meat and cooking salt shows an increasing trend. The problem of unreasonable dietary structure is still serious.

To study the eating out behavior and its impact on obesity among Chinese residents aged 18-59.

Multistage stratified random sampling method was used to collect data in 302 monitoring sites of the China National Chronic Non-communicable Disease and Nutrition Surveillance of adults in 31 provinces of China from 2015. A total of 53 887 subjects were included in this study by data cleaning. The population data published by the National Bureau of Statistics in 2010 were used as a standard population of the data result for 2015. Complex sampling weighting method was adopted in data analyses. The number and percentage of cases were used to describe the eating behaviors of different characteristics of the population, Statistical analysis was conducted by using SURVEYFREQ process, and Chi-square test was used to comparative analysis. Multi-factor analysis was conducted to the relationship between eating out frequency and different characteristics and obesity by using SURVEYLOGISTIC model regression.

In 2015, pro9, men who ate out 14-21 times a week showed higher risk of obesity.

To analyze the levels of serum ferritin(SF), transferrin receptor(sTfR), vitamin D(VD), folate(FOL), vitamin B_(12)(VB_(12)) and homocysteine(Hcy) of pregnant women and lactating mothers in rural areas, aiming to evaluate the nutritional status of pregnant women and lactating mothers.

By using a cluster sampling method, the subjects were the pregnant women at 10-20 weeks& apos; gestation and lactating mothers at 42±7 days& apos; postpartum who have been to the maternal and children health hospital in the county for examination from August 2019 to March 2020. SF, VD, VB_(12) and FOL concentrations were determined using the chemiluminescence assay. Hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hsCRP) and sTfR levels were determined using the immunoturbidimetry assay. Hcy levels were determined using the enzymatic assay. The rates of iron, vitamin D, folic acid, VB_(12) deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia(HHcy) were calculated.

There were 1050 pregnant women and 309 lactating mothers involved. The levels of fet women and 29. 8%, 2. check details 3% and 27. 8% for lactating mothers, which were significant different between pregnant women and lactating mothers(P& lt; 0. 05). Among the four nutrients including iron, VD, folate and VB_(12), 75. 8% of pregnant women were deficient in at least one nutrient and 28. 1% were deficient in at least two nutrients. 81. 9% of lactating mothers were deficient in at least one nutrient and 41. 4% were deficient in at least two nutrients.

There were various degrees of nutrient deficiency. Iron deficiency rates were high and VD deficiency were severe in both pregnant women and lactating mothers. In addition, the rates of folate deficiency and HHcy were high in lactating mothers in rural areas.

There were various degrees of nutrient deficiency. Iron deficiency rates were high and VD deficiency were severe in both pregnant women and lactating mothers. In addition, the rates of folate deficiency and HHcy were high in lactating mothers in rural areas.

Near-infrared(NIR) spectroscopy combined with partial least squares(PLS) were applied to establish a rapid method for green direct determination of mineral elements(calcium, phosphorus and potassium) in wheat flour samples.

NIR spectra and analytical measurements of calcium, phosphorus and potassium were collected from 117 wheat flour samples with different processing levels(whole grain wheat, special grade No. 1 wheat and wheat core flour). Principal components analysis(PCA) was developed to assign 81 wheat flour samples to build models and 36 samples as the validation set to evaluate the performance of the developed models. The influence of wavelength range and spectral preprocessing method on the predictive ability of the model were discussed, and the best models were selected.

For calcium, the best NIR model showed a good prediction performance(r~2=0. 7907, RMSEP=5. 35, RPD=2. 19); the best NIR model for phosphorus gave an excellent prediction performance(r~2=0. 9777, RMSEP=15. 3, RPD=6. 71); the best model for potassium also gave an excellent prediction performance(r~2=0. 9777, RMSEP=18. 9, RPD=6. 84).

NIR spectroscopy can realize the rapid prediction of mineral elements(calcium, phosphorus and potassium) in wheat flour. By selecting the wavelength range and spectral preprocessing method, the prediction ability of the NIR model can be significantly improved.

NIR spectroscopy can realize the rapid prediction of mineral elements(calcium, phosphorus and potassium) in wheat flour. By selecting the wavelength range and spectral preprocessing method, the prediction ability of the NIR model can be significantly improved.

To establish a rapid and accurate method for the determination of trace acetaldehyde, acrolein, methacrylaldehyde, crotonaldehyde in the air by ultra-fast liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UFLC-MS/MS).

The air sample was concentrated and derivatived by 3-methyl-2(3 H)-benzothiazolonhydrazone(MBTH), and the effect of derivative conditions including the concentration of MBTH, the pH, the derivative time and temperature was investigated. The stability of derivatives, the cracking mechanism of mass spectrometry, the matrix effect of the method and air sampling efficiency were studied. The chromatographic separation was carried out on a Shim-pack XR-ODS II column(100 mm×2. 0 mm, 2. 2 μm) by using water/methanol solution as the mobile phase with the gradient elution. Detection was performed in positive multi-reaction monitoring(MRM) mode for quantification by using external standard method.

The four analytes showed good linear relationship within the range of 1. 00-100 μg/L(calculated by aldehyde) with a correlation coefficient r≥0. 9990. The limits of quantitation(LOQs) of the method(concentrated with 10 L air) were 0. 5 μg/m~3 in air, for acetaldehyde, acrolein, methacrylaldehyde, crotonaldehyde. The recoveries of the method were 90. 6%-97. 8% at the three spiked levels, and the relative standard deviations(RSDs) were between 1. 9%-6. 4%(n=6), the average sampling efficiency was between 91. 0%-97. 1%.

The developed method is simple, less interference and specificity, and is suitable for the simultaneous rapid determination of trace acetaldehyde, acrolein, methacrylaldehyde, crotonaldehyde in air of work place.

The developed method is simple, less interference and specificity, and is suitable for the simultaneous rapid determination of trace acetaldehyde, acrolein, methacrylaldehyde, crotonaldehyde in air of work place.