Cowanpike1894

Based on the construction of ecological network in Tianjin in 2000, 2010 and 2020, we evaluated the structural evolution of Tianjin ecological network from the multi-dimensional perspective of source-corridor-node-whole, using complex network evaluation index and landscape pattern index integrated with the stability, uniformity and connectivity indices. The results showed that from 2000 to 2020, the ecological source areas in Tianjin significantly shrank and degraded, be uneven in spatial distribution. Thioflavine S nmr Ecological corridors became sparse. Landscape fragmentation and shape complexity first increased and then decreased. The average length of corridors in 2000 and 2010 was shorter, with the bioflow efficiency being relatively high. In 2000, 2010, and 2020, the number of nodes with high significance accounted for 35.7%, 29.4% and 21.4% of the statistical nodes respectively. In 2020, the network connectivity robustness and vulnerability robustness showed substantial fluctuation, and the network was the most unstable. In 2010, the ecological network was of high connectivity and complexity, while in 2000 and 2020, it was more general. In 2000, the network uniformity was the highest, followed by 2010, and lowest in 2020.Rapid urbanization destroys the ecological network connectivity among habitat patches. The research on the construction of regional ecological network at the patch level is obviously insufficient. The morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) and minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) were used to identify ecological sources and to extract potential ecological corridors in Qinling Mountains, respectively. The ecological network was effectively constructed. We analyzed the structural characteristics and landscape compositions of the network. Based on the gravity model, the importance of patches in the ecological network was graded and the structural characteristics and landscape composition of the network were analyzed. The results showed that there were 10 ecological sources, 45 potential ecological corridors and 38 stepping stones in the ecological network of Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi Province, with a total area of 29686.15 km2. There were good connectivity in potential ecological corridors and ecological network nodes as indicated by network closure (0.11), line point rate (1.18), network connectivity (0.42) and cost ratio (0.99). The connectivity between ecological source was low, but the cost of network reconstruction was high. The important ecological corridors were mainly composed of forest, grassland, and cultivated land. Fore-sts accounted for 89.2% of the total corridor area (571.00 km2), indicating the good landscape structure in Qinling Mountains. The protection of ecological source areas must be strengthened, and priority should be given to the establishment and protection of important ecological corridors and ecological nodes. Our results would provide the scientific reference and basis for the ecological environment protection and high-quality development in Qinling Mountains.The urgent requirement of human society to solve major resource and environmental pro-blems at the regional and global scales promotes the rises of macroecosystem science (MES) and the multidisciplinary fusions of natural science and humanities. Furthermore, it facilitates the innovation of macroecosystem scientific theory, as well as the development of continental and global scale knowledge fusion methodology and key technology. With the aim to serve the construction and deve-lopment of continental and global scale knowledge fusion methodological system for the changes of ecosystem status and resource environmental effect studies, we systematically elaborated the multi-disciplinary dimensional basic scientific problems, logic relationships and frontiers in the macroecosystem science, discussed the ideology and content of constructing the continental and global scale research methodological system, proposed to develop the networked observation-networked experiment-numerical simulation-knowledge fusion four-in-one infrastructures. This study would provide theoretical references for the network design of ecosystem observation research in China and at the global scale.COPD affects nearly 400 000 people in Switzerland. It remains under-diagnosed and patients know little about it. This survey study aimed to measure this knowledge in a population receiving home care in the canton of Neuchâtel. Knowledge of the terms « COPD » and « emphysema » was not related to gender, the fact that patients had already had spirometry or the COPD risk group to which they belonged. Patients treated with inhaled drugs, smokers and ex-smokers were more familiar with the term « COPD ». The treatment of people with COPD requires careful monitoring of those diagnosed with the disease, but also increased attention to the disease itself and its symptoms among patients, caregivers and physicians.Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is responsible for the degradation of the LDL-receptor. Inclisiran is a new synthetic interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) lowers LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in the blood by using RNA silencing technology to reduce the production of PCSK9. Inclisiran administered subcutaneously at 0 and 3 months, and then every 6 months has been shown to reduce LDL-C by approximately 50 % in patients at high and very-high cardiovascular risk, or with a diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia, but also in patients intolerant to statins. New data are expected, in particular with cardiovascular clinical endpoints, as well as safety for use in adolescents.Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a class of drugs which offer cardiovascular (CV) and renal benefits. They are currently indicated as first-line treatments of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in patients with CV disease, high CV risk, renal disease, or heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Two randomized clinical trials have shown the benefits of dapagliflozin and empagliflozin in patients with HFrEF, regardless of the presence of T2DM. Despite an overall favorable safety profile, attention has to be paid to adverse events, such as an increased risk of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis and genital mycotic infections. We present an up-to-date narrative literature review of the physiological mechanisms of action, current indications, and side effects of SGLT2 inhibitors.