Ahmadbitsch3183

According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, West Virginia has the highest age-adjusted rate of drug overdose deaths involving opioids. To combat this crisis, comprehensive drug counseling support services were established within the Cabell Huntington Hospital (CHH) system in October 2018 in Huntington, WV, USA. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether these services significantly reduced the number of trauma patients with a positive urine drug screen (UDS) seen at CHH.

The trauma registry at CHH was used to obtain data on trauma patients with positive UDS from January 2017 to October 2019, which was divided into groups before and after October 2018. Exclusion criteria were any patients who were prescribed the drug. The percentages of the total number of positive drug screens within each group were calculated, and a t-test analysis was performed to determine the

values.

345 trauma patients with positive UDS were selected. Results showed that there was an overall decrease in the rate of nonprescribed use after October 2018 of benzodiazepines (18.1%-11.5%), cocaine (19.5%-15.3%), opioids (19.1%-12.3%), and oxycodone (10.2%-4.6%). However, none of these changes were statistically significant. There was an increase in the rate of nonprescribed use of amphetamine (20.0%-23.8%) and methamphetamine (14.4%-33.8%).

Our hypothesis is that the support systems are relatively new, and may need more time to identify and intervene on patients before a statistically significant effect on drug abuse rates in our region can be seen.

Our hypothesis is that the support systems are relatively new, and may need more time to identify and intervene on patients before a statistically significant effect on drug abuse rates in our region can be seen.The explosion of the opioid epidemic in the United States and across the world has been met with advances in pharmacologic therapy for the treatment of opioid use disorder. Long-acting naltrexone is a promising strategy, but its use has important implications for critical care, as it may interfere with or complicate sedation and analgesia. Currently, there are two available formulations of long-acting naltrexone, which are distinguished by different administration routes and distinct pharmacokinetics. The use of long-acting naltrexone may be identified through a variety of strategies (such as physical examination, laboratory testing, and medical record review), and is key to the safe provision of sedation and analgesia during critical illness. Perioperative experience caring for patients receiving long-acting naltrexone informs management in the intensive care unit. Important lessons include the use of multimodal analgesia strategies and anticipating patients' demonstrating variable sensitivity to opioids. For the critically ill patient, however, there are important distinctions to emphasize, including changes in drug metabolism and medication interactions. By compiling and incorporating the currently available literature, we provide critical care physicians with recommendations for the sedation and analgesia for critically ill patients receiving long-acting naltrexone therapy.The present study examined the daily relationship between job performance, relaxation, positive affect, and emotional labor. Drawing on the effort-recovery model and broaden-and-build theory, we proposed that job performance on a particular day fosters evening relaxation and next-morning positive affect and that this leads to increased deep acting and decreased surface acting the next day. VX-11e ic50 To test our propositions, we conducted 2 diary studies using the experienced sampling method. In Study 1, 93 flight attendants participated in morning and end-of-workday surveys for 5 workdays. In Study 2, 98 hotel employees responded to morning, end-of-workday, and evening surveys for 5 workdays. In both studies, we found positive relationships between daily job performance, evening relaxation, next-morning positive affect, and next-day deep acting. We further found support for the indirect effect of daily job performance on next-day deep acting through evening relaxation and next-morning positive affect. Although next-morning positive affect had a marginally negative relationship with next-day surface acting in Study 1, this relationship became nonsignificant when next-morning negative affect was included in the model (Study 2). The robustness of these findings was validated in supplementary analyses. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).Employees around the world have experienced sudden, significant changes in their work and family roles due to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, applied psychologists have limited understanding of how employee experiences of work-family conflict and enrichment have been affected by this event and what organizations can do to ensure better employee functioning during such societal crises. Adopting a person-centered approach, we examine transitions in employees' work-family interfaces from before COVID-19 to after its onset. First, in Study 1, using latent profile analysis (N = 379; nonpandemic data), we identify profiles of bidirectional conflict and enrichment, including beneficial (low conflict and high enrichment), active (medium conflict and enrichment), and passive (low conflict and enrichment). In Study 2, with data collected before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, we replicate Study 1 profiles and explore whether employees transition between work-family profiles during the pandemic. Results suggest that although many remain in prepandemic profiles, positive (from active/passive to beneficial) and negative (from beneficial to active/passive) transitions occurred for a meaningful proportion of respondents. People were more likely to go through negative transitions if they had high segmentation preferences, engaged in emotion-focused coping, experienced higher technostress, and had less compassionate supervisors. In turn, negative transitions were associated with negative employee consequences during the pandemic (e.g., lower job satisfaction and job performance, and higher turnover intent). We discuss implications for future research and for managing during societal crises, both present and future. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).