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Modification of the NC with PLL allowed to obtain the optimal drug delivery system with maximal cytotoxicity, which was tested by MTT-test. The developed NC are promising for lipophilic anticancer drug delivery.
Pure autonomic failure (PAF) is a rare disease characterized by neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (nOH), absence of signs of central neurodegeneration, and profound deficiency of the sympathetic neurotransmitter norepinephrine. Reports have disagreed about mechanisms of the noradrenergic lesion. Neuropathological studies have highlighted denervation, while functional studies have emphasized deficient vesicular sequestration of cytoplasmic catecholamines in extant neurons. We examined both aspects by a combined positron emission tomographic (PET) neuroimaging approach using
C-methylreboxetine (
C-MRB), a selective ligand for the cell membrane norepinephrine transporter, to quantify interventricular septal myocardial noradrenergic innervation and using
F-dopamine (
F-DA) to assess intraneuronal vesicular storage in the same subjects.
Seven comprehensively tested PAF patients and 11 controls underwent
C-MRB PET scanning for 45minutes (dynamic 5X1', 3X5', 1X10', static 15minutes) and
F-DA scanning for 30minutes (same dynamic imaging sequence) after 3-minute infusions of the tracers on separate days.
In the PAF group septal
C-MRB-derived radioactivity in the static frame was decreased by 26.7% from control (p=0.012). After adjustment for nonspecific binding of
C-MRB, the PAF group had a 41.1% mean decrease in myocardial
C-MRB-derived radioactivity (p=0.015). The PAF patients had five times faster postinfusion loss of
F-DA-derived radioactivity (70±3% vs. 14±8% by 30minutes, p<0.0001). At all time points after infusion of
F-DA and
C-MRB mean
F/
C ratios in septal myocardium were lower in the PAF than control group.
PAF entails moderately decreased cardiac sympathetic innervation and a substantial vesicular storage defect in residual nerves.
PAF entails moderately decreased cardiac sympathetic innervation and a substantial vesicular storage defect in residual nerves.Eight essential oils (EOs) from selected medicinal plants have been tested for their activity against Phytomonas davidi, a plant trypanosomal parasite. In the present research, the EOs have been tested on promastigote forms of P. davidi ATCC® 30287™ strain, along with their major components, both separately and in binary combinations, using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay. The EOs with the highest antipromastigote activity were from Origanum virens and Salvia lavandulifolia. Thymol and β-pinene were the most active pure compounds. The study of the activity of the pure compounds in combination indicated the existence of antagonistic and synergistic effects depending on the concentration tested. In general, the combinations at low concentrations favored the activity.
Aiming at environmental arrangements for pediatric cancer patients and their families to receive appropriate medical care and support with a sense of security, the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare designated 15 hub hospitals for childhood cancer. These hub hospitals have established networks with approximately 200 centers/hospitals treating pediatric cancer. In order to promote equal access to nursing, we investigated nurses' difficulties and needs at these treatment hospitals with limited experience in pediatric cancer nursing.
In order to examine education on pediatric cancer nursing, we investigated difficulties felt by treatment hospital nurses, their educational experience and their educational needs. A total of 584 nurses (66.51%) from 52 hospitals from which written consent was received completed the questionnaires.
Nurses had difficulties regarding nursing care for patients with critical conditions, such as terminal care, and actions to be taken when a patient's physical condition rapidly changes. Nurses most strongly desired education on nursing care for patients with serious problems, such as terminal care, and follow-up provided in the form of in- and hub-hospital lectures.
Our study suggested that in order to provide nurses in treatment hospitals with education focusing on nursing care for patients with serious problems, education systems based on cooperation between hub and treatment hospitals are needed.
Our study suggested that in order to provide nurses in treatment hospitals with education focusing on nursing care for patients with serious problems, education systems based on cooperation between hub and treatment hospitals are needed.We have previously reported a novel compound [4-(2-acetoxy-3-((R)-3-(benzylthio)-1-methoxy-1-oxopropan-2-ylamino)-3-oxopropyl)-1,2-phenylene diacetate (DSC)], derived from danshensu, exhibits cytoprotective activities in vitro. Here, we investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of DSC on dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced experimental colitis. We found that DSC treatment afforded significant protection against the development of colitis, evidencing by suppressed inflammatory responses and enhanced barrier integrity. Intriguingly, DSC specifically down-regulated DSS-induced colonic NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) expression, accompanied by a balanced redox status, suppressed nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and NLRP3 inflammasome activation and up-regulated nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 and haeme oxygenase-1 expression. In vitro study also demonstrated DSC also markedly decreased Nox4 expression and activity associated with inhibiting reactive oxygen species generation, NF-κB activation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in bone marrow-derived macrophages. Either lentiviral Nox4 shRNA-mediated Nox4 knockdown or Nox4-specific small-interfering RNA mimicked effects of DSC by suppressing NLPR3 inflammasome activation to alleviate experimental colitis or inflammatory macrophage response. IMD 0354 concentration Collectively, our results provide the first evidence that DSC ameliorates experimental colitis partly through modulating Nox4-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
