Hackettblackburn2259
The adjusted hazard ratio of RVO in the presence of METS was 1.458 (95% confidence interval, 1.440-1.475;
< 0.001) after adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and income. Among all of the criteria for METS diagnosis, elevated blood pressure was the greatest risk for RVO development (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.610; 95% confidence interval, 1.589-1.631;
< 0.001).
METS and each of diagnostic criteria was associated with an increased risk of RVO development. Elevated blood pressure seems to be especially important factors for RVO development.
Our results provide information about the link between METS and RVO.
Our results provide information about the link between METS and RVO.
Growth factors and inflammatory and angiogenetic proteins are involved in the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). However, no early biochemical markers are in clinical use to predict ROP. By performing cluster analysis of multiple biomarkers, we aimed to determine patient groups with high and low risk for developing ROP.
In total, 202 protein markers in plasma were quantified by proximity extension assay from 35 extremely preterm infants on day 2 of life. Infants were sorted in groups by automated two-dimensional hierarchical clustering of all biomarkers. ROP was classified as stages I to III with or without surgical treatment. Predictive biomarkers were evaluated by analysis of variance and detected differences by two-sided paired
-test with Bonferroni corrections for multiple comparisons.
Differences in 39 biochemical markers divided infants without ROP into two control groups (control 1,
= 7; control 2,
= 5;
< 0.05). Sixty-six biochemical markers defined differences between the control groups (
= 13) and all ROP infants (
= 23;
< 0.05). read more PARK7, VIM, MPO, CD69, and NEMO were markedly increased in control 1 compared to all ROP infants (
< 0.001). Lower TNFRSF4 and higher HER2 and GAL appeared in infants with ROP as compared to control 1 and/or 2 (
< 0.05, respectively).
Our data suggest that early elevated levels of PARK7, VIM, MPO, CD69, and NEMO may be associated with lower risk of developing ROP. Lower levels of TNFRSF4 with higher levels of HER2 and GAL may predict ROP development.
Cluster analysis of early postnatal biomarkers may help to identify infants with low or high risk of developing ROP.
Cluster analysis of early postnatal biomarkers may help to identify infants with low or high risk of developing ROP.
Blue cone monochromacy (BCM), a congenital X-linked retinal disease caused by mutations in the
gene cluster, is under consideration for intravitreal gene therapy. Difficulties with near vision tasks experienced by these patients prompted this study of reading performance as a potential outcome measure for a future clinical trial.
Clinically and molecularly diagnosed patients with BCM (
= 17; ages 15-63 years) and subjects with normal vision (
= 22; ages 18-72 years) were examined with the MNREAD acuity chart for both uniocular and binocular conditions. Parameters derived from the measurements in patients were compared with normal data and also within the group of patients. Intersession, interocular and between-subject variabilities were determined. The frequent complaint of light sensitivity in BCM was examined by comparing results from black text on a white background (regular polarity) versus white on black (reverse polarity) conditions.
MNREAD curves of print size versus reading speed were right-shifted compared with normal in all patients with BCM. All parameters in patients with BCM indicated abnormal reading performance. Intersession variability was slightly higher in BCM than in normal, but comparable with results previously reported for other patients with maculopathies. There was a high degree of disease symmetry in reading performance in this BCM cohort. Reverse polarity showed better reading parameters than regular polarity in 82% of the patients.
MNREAD measures of reading performance in patients with BCM would be a worthy and robust secondary outcome in a clinical trial protocol, given its dual purpose of quantifying macular vision and addressing an important quality of life issue.
Assessment of an outcome for a clinical trial.
Assessment of an outcome for a clinical trial.
To investigate the association between 1-year myopia progression and subsequent 2-year myopia progression among myopic children in the Singapore Cohort Study of the Risk Factors for Myopia.
This retrospective analysis included 618 myopic children (329 male), 7 to 9 years of age (mean age, 8.0 ± 0.8) at baseline with at least two annual follow-up visits. Cycloplegic autorefraction was performed at every visit. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves from multiple logistic regressions were derived for future fast 2-year myopia progression.
Children with slow progression during the first year (slower than -0.50 diopter [D]/y) had the slowest mean subsequent 2-year myopia progression (-0.41 ± 0.33 D/y), whereas children with fast progression (faster than -1.25 D/y) in year 1 had the fastest mean subsequent 2-year myopia progression (-0.82 ± 0.30 D/y) (
for trend < 0.001). Year 1 myopia progression had the highest area under the curve (AUC) for predicting fast subsequent 2-year myopia progression (AUC = 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73-0.80) compared to baseline spherical equivalent (AUC = 0.70; 95% CI, 0.66-0.74) or age of myopia onset (AUC = 0.66; 95% CI, 0.61-0.70) after adjusting for confounders. Age at baseline alone had an AUC of 0.65 (95% CI, 0.61-0.69).
One-year myopia progression and age at baseline were associated with subsequent 2-year myopia progression in children 7 to 9 years of age.
Myopia progression and age at baseline may be considered by eye care practitioners as two of several factors that may be associated with future myopia progression in children.
Myopia progression and age at baseline may be considered by eye care practitioners as two of several factors that may be associated with future myopia progression in children.
