Sandersrossen5580

Aim The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and its complications in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) in Taif Region, Saudi Arabia. Methods This was a prospective hospital-based study conducted on 196 patients aged above 18 years who were undergoing dialysis in two hospital Taif City. Data collected and documented using a pretested questionnaire, which included sociodemographic details and also information about fistula-related complications. Hospital records were also reviewed to match the complication and related risk factors. Appropriate statistical tests were used and analyzed with SPSS software ver. 23. Results Majority of the study patients were in the age group of 41-60 years and the prevalence in male and female were 49.5% and 50.5%, respectively. The most prevalent chronic illness in the patients was hypertension (41.7%) and more than 30.6% had multiple chronic illness. The most common type of AVF was radiocephalic fistula (RCF). The most common complication associated with the patients with AVF was ischemic neuropathy (29.6%). Smokers had significant history of myocardial infarction than non smokers. Conclusion Early and timely detection of complications in AVF is essential for proper management. Health professional should have thorough knowledge regarding the complications related to AVF. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential to improve the quality of life in patients on HD. Copyright © 2020 Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care.Background First-Episode Psychosis (FEP) is defined as the first treatment contact with psychiatric service, regardless of the duration of symptoms. This study aims to determine the antipsychotics prescription patterns in FEP patients at three psychiatric hospitals in Khartoum. Method A descriptive cross-sectional retrospective hospital-based study was conducted at Eltigani Elmahi, Taha Baasher, and Abd Elaal Aledrissi Psychiatric hospitals in Khartoum State, Sudan, during the period March to July 2018. Medical records of patients with FEP were identified and reviewed to look for demographic data, the onset of symptoms, investigations requested, and medications prescribed. Data were recorded and subjected to statistical analysis using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Result Reviewing the medical records of the 98 FEP patients (66 males and 32 females) included in the study showed that the majority of patients (94.8%) were medicated with combinations of psychotropic medications. VT103 The most commonly used combination was Haloperidol, Olanzapine, Promethazine, and Benzodiazepines. And only 5.1% of the whole population was treated with an atypical antipsychotic (Olanzapine) as a monotherapy. Conclusion Based on prescription patterns and requested investigations, there was a wide gap between the actual practice regarding antipsychotics prescriptions for FEP at the three psychiatric hospitals and the evidence-based guidelines in this respect. Copyright © 2020 Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care.Introduction and Context Sexual health in schools is neglected in most developing countries,[1] however, it is emerging as a major need of the hour. This article captures the author's experience as a family physician in a boarding school setting in India highlighting the need and possible solutions pertaining to sexual health in the school community. Setting An international boarding school in India with approximately 600 students, 500 teachers, and administrators who lived on the school campus and 500 support staff who lived off-campus. Materials and Methods Three events prodded the author to explore perceptions and needs pertaining to sexual health in the school community. Being a difficult area of inquiry, this was done as informal qualitative research by dialoguing with six groups of people in the school community School counselors, parents, student supervisors such as teachers, advisors and dorm parents, school administrators, support staff, and the students and the responses were collated. Observations A mere 17.9% of grade 5 to 12 students, of age-groups 10 to 19 never had a conversation with their parents about sexuality. Students were largely ignorant or misinformed on most sexuality-related issues but engaged well when offered anonymity or safe space. Though all stakeholders in the school agreed that students needed an age-appropriate, gender and culture-sensitive, scientific and comprehensive sex education, parental responses were mixed. Conclusion The author's journey as a family physician in a school setting has prompted exploration of a wholistic model for the provision of comprehensive sexual health in schools and the emerging role of a family physician in schools. Copyright © 2020 Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care.Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an important etiology for the development of chronic liver disease worldwide. Its pathophysiology includes chronic low-grade inflammation. There are limited studies on the association of inflammatory markers with NAFLD. Hence, in the present research, we aimed to study the association of one such inflammatory marker hs-CRP with NAFLD in north Indian population. Materials and Methods For this cross-sectional study, 100 subjects of either sex above 18 years of age, being diagnosed as a case of NAFLD on the basis of ultrasonography and age, sex and BMI matched subjects fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. Anthropometric profile, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), HbA1c, and hepatic function tests were recorded. Results The baseline variables were matched for age, weight, BMI, waist-hip circumference ratio, and blood pressure. The HbA1c (P less then 0.001), alanine aminotransferase (P = 0.002), alkaline phosphatase (0.0us, hs-CRP may be used as a surrogate marker for the disease severity in NAFLD. Copyright © 2020 Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care.Context Parents' interpretation on children's oral health care practices plays a vital role in improving children's oral health. Aim This study sought to evaluate parents' knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding dental sealants. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among parents of school-going children in Chennai, India. Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward sealant therapy were assessed through a questionnaire survey among 250 parents (45% fathers and 55% mothers). Results A statistically significant difference was noted in the knowledge and attitude scores at various age groups; 71% of the participants agreed that pit and fissure sealants are effective in preventing dental caries. Only 34% of the study participants' children had received dental sealants. Conclusion The parental knowledge and awareness of preventive practices appear to support dental sealants as a preventive strategy for dental caries. But most parents did not practice the preventive measures despite knowing its effectiveness and benefits.