Dalrymplemcintyre8706

These data suggest that drought resistance in grapevine rootstocks is associated with rapid re-establishment of growth and Lpr near the root tip upon re-watering by limiting competing sites along the root cylinder. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND Dysfunctional cerebral blood flow autoregulation plays a crucial role in the secondary damage after traumatic brain injury. The pressure reactivity index (PRx) can be used to monitor dynamic cerebral blood flow autoregulation indirectly. OBJECTIVE To test different versions of the long pressure reactivity index (LPRx), which is based on minute-by-minute data and calculated over extended time windows, and to study their predictive ability and examine whether "long" and "short" pressure reactivity indices could improve predictive power. METHODS PRx and 3 versions of the LPRx calculated over 20-, 60-, and 240-min time windows were assessed in relation to outcome at 6 mo in 855 patients with traumatic brain injury. Predictive power and discriminative ability of indices were evaluated using area under the operator curves and determination of critical thresholds. PRx and LPR indices were combined to evaluate whether LPR indices could improve outcome prediction by adding information about static components of autoregulation. RESULTS Correlation of each LPRx with the PRx decreased with increased time windows. LPR indices performed successively worse in their predictive and discriminative ability from 20-min to 240-min time frames. PRx had a significantly higher predictive ability compared to each LPRx. Combining LPRx and PRx did not lead to an improvement of predictive power compared to the PRx alone. CONCLUSION The critical threshold and predictive value of the PRx for unfavorable outcome and mortality have been confirmed in one of the largest so far published patient cohorts. LPRx performed significantly worse, and its discriminative and predictive abilities decreased with an increasing calculation window. Copyright © 2020 by the Congress of Neurological Surgeons.Functional properties and integrity of skeletal muscle mitochondria (mt) during the early postmortem period may influence energy metabolism and pH decline, thereby impacting meat quality development. Angus typically produce more tender beef than Brahman, a Bos indicus breed known for heat tolerance. Thus, our objectives were to compare mt respiratory function in muscle collected early postmortem (1 h) from Angus and Brahman steers (n = 26); and to evaluate the effect of normal and elevated temperature on mt function ex vivo. We measured mt oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in fresh-permeabilized muscle fibers from Longissimus lumborum (LL) at 2 temperatures (38.5 and 40.0 °C) and determined citrate synthase (CS) activity and expression of several mt proteins. The main effects of breed, temperature, and their interaction were tested for mt respiration, and breed effect was tested for CS activity and protein expression. Breed, but not temperature (P > 0.40), influenced mt OCR (per tissue weight), with Brahman exhibnals.permissions@oup.com.BACKGROUND Despite advances in the treatment of poor-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), predicting the long-term outcome of aSAH remains challenging, although essential. OBJECTIVE To predict long-term outcomes after poor-grade aSAH using decision tree modeling. METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of a prospective multicenter observational registry of patients with poor-grade aSAH with a World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grade IV or V. Outcome was assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 12 mo, and an unfavorable outcome was defined as an mRS of 4 or 5 or death. Long-term prognostic models were developed using multivariate logistic regression and decision tree algorithms. An additional independent testing dataset was collected for external validation. Overall accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) were used to assess model performance. RESULTS Of the 266 patients, 139 (52.3%) had an unfavorable outcome. Older age, absence of pupillary reactivity, lower Glasgow coma score (GCS), and higher modified Fisher grade were independent predictors of unfavorable outcome. Modified Fisher grade, pupillary reactivity, GCS, and age were used in the decision tree model, which achieved an overall accuracy of 0.833, sensitivity of 0.821, specificity of 0.846, and AUC of 0.88 in the internal test. There was similar predictive performance between the logistic regression and decision tree models. Both models achieved a high overall accuracy of 0.895 in the external test. CONCLUSION Decision tree model is a simple tool for predicting long-term outcomes after poor-grade aSAH and may be considered for treatment decision-making. Copyright © 2020 by the Congress of Neurological Surgeons.We sought to describe the clinical experience of voriconazole as primary antifungal prophylaxis (AFP) in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients (allo-HCTr). This was a single-center retrospective study of adult allo-HCTr (1 January 2014 to 31 December 2016) who received ≥two doses of voriconazole-AFP. Voriconazole-AFP was started on day +7 post-HCT and continued at least through day +60 post-HCT, or longer as clinically indicated. We reviewed the rate, reasons, and risk factors of voriconazole-AFP discontinuation until day-100 post-HCT. A total of 327 patients were included. Voriconazole-AFP was continued for a median of 69 days (mean 57.9; range 1, 100) for a median of 90 days (mean 84; range 2, 100) in 180/327 (55%) in the standard-of-care (SOC) group and 20 days (mean 25.6 ; range 1, 89; P-value  less then  .001) in 147/327 (45%) patients in the early-discontinuation-group. Early-voriconazole-AFP discontinuation was due to adverse events, drug interactions, insurance coverage, and other reasonuthor(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology.BACKGROUND The setting of a randomized trial can determine whether its findings are generalizable and can therefore apply to different settings. The contribution of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to neurosurgical randomized trials has not been systematically described before. OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic analysis of design characteristics and methodology, funding source, and interventions studied between trials led by and/or conducted in high-income countries (HICs) vs LMICs. METHODS From January 2003 to July 2016, English-language trials with >5 patients assessing any one neurosurgical procedure against another procedure, nonsurgical treatment, or no treatment were retrieved from MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. Income classification for each country was assessed using the World Bank Atlas method. RESULTS A total of 73.3% of the 397 studies that met inclusion criteria were led by HICs, whereas 26.7% were led by LMICs. read more Of the 106 LMIC-led studies, 71 were led by China. If China is excluded, only 8.