Adcockstorm4130

Background Calcinosis cutis is a rare condition associated with different diseases, which is difficult to manage. Aims and Objectives In this retrospective study, the epidemiology of calcinosis cutis and the effectiveness of various treatment regimens in its management were assessed in a single center. Materials and Methods The data of 34 patients suffering from calcinosis cutis (malefemale = 1222; mean age = 48.6 ± 18.6 years) treated at our department between 2003 and 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Dystrophic, idiopathic, metastatic subtype, and calciphylaxis occurred in 70.6%, 11.8%, 5.9%, and 11.8% of the cases, respectively. Underlying diseases of dystrophic calcinosis included autoimmune connective tissue disease, skin trauma, cutaneous neoplasm, and inherited disorder in 58.3%, 20.8%, 12.5%, and 8.3% of the cases, respectively. Extremities were most frequently affected (n = 18). In the management, diltiazem was most frequently used in monotherapy with partial response in five of eight cases. Other drugs in monotherapy or in combination were administered in single cases. Surgical treatment resulted in least partial response in all of the cases followed (n = 7). Conclusion Dystrophic was the most common subtype and autoimmune connective tissue disease was the most frequent underlying disease. We conclude that lower doses of diltiazem have only partial efficiency, and surgical therapy is at least partially effective in localized calcinosis. Copyright © 2020 Indian Journal of Dermatology.Background Seafood allergy is among one of the common food allergies. Decrease in consumption of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), prevalent especially in oily fish, has been proposed to contribute to the increased prevalence of allergic diseases. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate, in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients, the relation between the occurrence of food hypersensitivity reaction (FHR) to seafish and the occurrence of other atopic diseases and parameters. Methods Complete dermatological and allergological examination was performed in patients included in the study; 332 patients were examined, with the average age 26.8 years (SD 9.2 years). Results The FHR to seafish was confirmed in 11% of patients. Patients suffering from FHR to seafish suffered significantly more from sensitization to fungi (in 46%), from reactions to celery (in 34%), and from persistent eczematic lesions (in 82%). Conclusion FHRs to seafish in AD patients are associated with persistent eczematic lesions and with the higher occurrence of sensitization to fungi and reactions to celery. The occurrence of bronchial asthma, rhinitis, positive family history, and onset of AD under 5 years of age is higher in patients with reactions to seafish, but the difference is not statistically significant. Copyright © 2020 Indian Journal of Dermatology.Aim Common indoor pollutants, as fine particulate matter (PM2.5), can damage people's health and cause skin allergies. However, it remains unknown which common pollutants can lead to allergy, such as, in children atopic dermatitis, and what is the key molecule. This study aimed to investigate the thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) produced from keratinocytes after environmental pollutant stimulation. Methods PAM212 cells were treated by several pollutants, including PM2.5, formaldehyde, m-xylene, and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, and tried to analyze their relationships. The mRNA expression level of TSLP was determined by qPCR. The protein level of TSLP was detected by ELISA analysis. Results The mRNA expression of TSLP was significantly up-regulated when PAM212 cells were stimulated by PM2.5 at 25 μg/ml for 12 h. Meanwhile, the protein level of TSLP in culture supernatant was increased. However, TSLP protein production was not detected in culture supernatant treated with formaldehyde, m-xylene, and 1, 2, 4-trimethylbenzene. Conclusion PM2.5 promotes the expression of TSLP and may aggravate allergic response using this pathway. Copyright © 2020 Indian Journal of Dermatology.Background Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. LCL161 The function of DJ-1 in oxidative damage of melanocytes is still elusive. Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the role of DJ-1 in oxidative damage of melanocytes. Material and Methods The expression of DJ-1 in melanocytes was studied by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Short-interfering RNAs (siRNA) were employed to downregulate DJ-1. The cells were pooled into three groups mock group (cells with transfection reagent), negative control (NC) group (negative siRNA control), and siRNA group. After H2O2 treatment for 24 h, the morphological changes, cell viability, apoptosis, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and mitochondrial respiration were measured in different groups. Results DJ-1 was highly expressed in PIG1 melanocytes. DJ-1 knockdown rendered PIG1 melanocytes more susceptible to oxidative stress. Loss of DJ-1 led to apoptosis of PIG1 cells by impairing the function of mitochondria, including morphological abnormalities, ROS accumulation, depolarization of MMP, less adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) production, and less proton leak. Conclusions DJ-1 plays a role in maintaining the antioxidative capacity in epidermal melanocytes. Copyright © 2020 Indian Journal of Dermatology.The increase of CD8 + T lymphocytes in the perivascular spaces of patients with HIV encephalopathy has been reported in some studies. CD8 + T lymphocyte encephalitis was first described in 2013 and then a few other similar cases were published. We proposed to analyze the clinical, MR imaging, and histopathology findings of CD8 + T lymphocyte encephalitis. A systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyzes protocol using the PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs, and IBECS databases up to February 3, 2018. Seven articles were included, two case series and five case reports. A total of 19 individuals were evaluated. MRI showed alterations in the white matter signal in all cases. Histopathology showed a predominance of CD8 + T lymphocytes. The findings described so far may resemble the inflammatory immune reconstitution syndrome. New studies on the subject are needed in an attempt to characterize the differences between these two entities. Copyright © 2019 Permanyer.