Aaruplillelund6917

Plants live in constantly changing and often unfavorable or stressful environments. Environmental changes induce biotic and abiotic stress, which, in turn, may cause genomic DNA damage. Hence, plants simultaneously suffer abiotic/biotic stress and DNA damage. However, little information is available on the signaling crosstalk that occurs between DNA damage and abiotic/biotic stresses. Arabidopsis thaliana SUPPRESSOR OF GAMMA RESPONSE1 (SOG1) is a pivotal transcription factor that regulates thousands of genes in response to DNA double-strand break (DSB), and we recently reported that SOG1 has a role in immune responses. In the present study, the effects of SOG1 overexpression on the DNA damage and immune responses were examined. Results found that SOG1 overexpression enhances the regulation of numerous downstream genes. Relative to the wild type plants, then, DNA damage responses were observed to be strongly induced. SOG1 overexpression also upregulates chitin (a major components of fungal cell walls) responsive genes in the presence of DSBs, implying that pathogen defense response is activated by DNA damage via SOG1. Further, SOG1 overexpression enhances fungal resistance. These results suggest that SOG1 regulates crosstalk between DNA damage response and the immune response and that plants have evolved a sophisticated defense network to contend with environmental stress.PURPOSE OF REVIEW Decades of research suggests nutritional interventions can be an effective tool for reducing risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), especially as part of an individualized clinical management plan. This review aims to emphasize new findings examining how specific dietary changes may delay or possibly prevent AD onset, and highlight how interventions can be adopted in clinical practice based on emerging principles of precision medicine. RECENT FINDINGS Specific dietary patterns and varied nutrient combinations can have a protective effect on brain health, promote cognitive function, and mediate the comorbidity of chronic conditions associated with increased AD risk. Individuals at risk for AD may see a greater impact of evidence-based dietary changes when initiated earlier in the AD spectrum. Depending on individual clinical profiles, incorporation of nutrition strategies is an essential component of an AD risk reduction plan in clinical practice.The paracrine secretion of angiogenic cytokines from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) might promote endothelial cell angiogenesis, therefore promoting wound healing in injured tissues. Hypoxia is one of the common occurrence in injured tissues, during which angiogenesis is enhanced to improve the oxygen supply. In the present study, miR-590-3p, an anti-angiogenic miRNA, was predicted to target VEGFA, a key factor that can be transcriptionally upregulated by HIF1A during ADSC proliferation and tubule formation in response to hypoxic stimulation. Herein, we found that in response to hypoxic stimuli, HIF1A and VEGFA protein expressions were remarkably induced. In addition, ADSC viability was promoted. Incubation with conditioned medium from ADSCs stimulated by hypoxia significantly enhanced the angiogenic ability of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs), while the conditioned medium from VEGFA-silenced ADSCs significantly reversed the angiogenic ability of HDMECs. Regarding the molecular mechanism, it was verified that miR-590-3p binds to VEGFA; miR-590-3p inhibited VEGFA to affect the paracrine regulation by ADSCs, subsequently hindering the HDMEC angiogenesis. Acetylcysteine More importantly, the consequences of miR-590-3p-overexpressing conditioned medium on HDMEC angiogenesis were partially reversed by VEGFA-overexpressing conditioned medium. In conclusion, miR-590-3-5p/VEGFA axis modulates the paracrine secretion of VEGFA by ADSCs to affect the angiogenesis of HDMECs.Increasing evidence indicates that miRNAs are involved in tumorigenesis of human renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the role of miR-206 is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the possible mechanism of miR-206 in progression of RCC. Here, compared with adjacent normal renal tissues and HK-2 cells, miR-206 level was markedly decreased, whereas CDK6 level was obviously increased in RCC tissues and cell lines. MiR-206 was inversely associated with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage, and acted as an independent prognostic factor in RCC. MiR-206 effectively caused apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase, and affected the growth of xenograft tumor of nude mice. MiR-206 also inhibited migration and invasion of RCC cells by modulating the expressions of EMT-related genes. Dual-luciferase assay demonstrated CDK6 was a direct target of miR-206. CDK6 silencing aggravated the inhibition effects of miR-206. In conclusion, miR-206 suppresses proliferation and EMT of RCC by inhibiting CDK6 expression. The miR-206/CDK6 axis may provide a novel insight into tumorigenesis of RCC.PURPOSE The aims of the current study were (a) to compare community adolescent groups with and without binge eating (BE) on attachment representations and alexithymia, using an age-adapted interview to assess attachment; and (b) to explore the independent role of attachment and alexithymia as potentially related to BE in community adolescents. METHODS Three hundred eighty-two community adolescents were screened with respect to BE symptoms through the Binge Eating Scale (BES). The 22 girls identified with BE (BE group) and 22 age- and gender-matched peers without BE (NBE group) were assessed with the Friends and Family Interview (FFI) and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). RESULTS Binge eating group reported greater attachment preoccupation in comparison to NBE, while no difference emerged in alexithymia. More insecure attachment patterns, both preoccupied and dismissing, were significantly and independently associated with BES score in community girls. CONCLUSIONS Insecure attachment, assessed with semi-structured interview, is associated with BE among adolescents' community girls, while apparently alexithymia is not. Future prospective studies should assess the role of attachment in the development of BE in adolescents. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III, case-control analytic study.