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Breast cancer odds ratio (OR) 9.25; 95 CI 1.91.-44.71; non-vesicant drug OR 1.37; 95 CI 0.13-14.95; vein diameter OR 0.40; 95% CI 0.16-0.97; fosaprepitant use OR 0.16; 95% CI, 0.18-10.32. CONCLUSIONS The induration incidence was 17.4%. find more Risk factors for induration following chemotherapy administration were breast cancer and smaller vein diameter. Abnormal cases of subcutaneous tissue were confirmed, including subcutaneous edema, thrombosis, and thickening of the vessel wall. Induration may be prevented by selecting larger diameter vessels using ultrasonography when catheterizing for chemotherapy. © 2020 Japan Academy of Nursing Science.BACKGROUND Patients supported with a ventricular assist device are predisposed to severe bleeding at the time of orthotopic heart transplant due to several risk factors including anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists. Kcentra, a four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate, has been approved by the FDA for warfarin reversal in adults prior to urgent surgery. There is a lack of published data on the preoperative use of four-factor prothrombin complex concentrates in pediatric patients undergoing cardiacsurgery. METHODS This is a single-center retrospective analysis of pediatric patients with a continuous-flow ventricular assist device who underwent heart transplant, comparing patients who received Kcentra for anticoagulation reversal with a historical patient cohort who did not. Consecutive patients from January 2013 to December 2017 were analyzed. The primary outcome was volume of blood product transfusion prior to cardiopulmonary bypass initiation. Secondary outcomes include blood product transfusion aftthe first seven postoperative days. CONCLUSION This small retrospective study indicates that preoperative warfarin reversal with Kcentra reduces blood product exposure in pediatric patients with ventricular assist devices undergoing heart transplant. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.In the major eusocial species of Hymenoptera, the regulatory mechanisms controlling queen/worker differentiation and exclusive reproduction by queens have been studied extensively. These studies have shown that insulin/insulin-like growth factors and juvenile hormones (JHs) act as key endocrine factors. However, although considerable knowledge has accumulated in this area, large disparities in the regulatory mechanisms governing caste differentiation have been observed in different hymenopteran taxa to date. We focused on the queenless ant Pristomyrmex punctatus (Hymenoptera Formicidae), which exhibits the simplest type of sociality and in which reproductive tasks (egg production) are distributed among morphologically and genetically identical workers. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying reproduction in P. punctatus, we analyzed the correlations between the gene expression profiles of a reproductive marker gene, vitellogenin (PripuVTG1), and candidate regulatory genes comprising the major components of the JH and insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathways that are involved in the regulation of reproduction upstream of JH signaling. Expression of insulin-like peptide 1 (PripuILP1) and JH signaling-related genes was negatively correlated with PripuVTG1 expression. On the contrary, insulin-like peptide 2 (PripuILP2a) was positively correlated with PripuVTG1. These findings suggest that an equilibrium perhaps controlled by switches in JH signaling exists between these two ILP paralogs, and that these interactions are important for regulating reproduction. Our findings are expected to be useful for understanding how various modes of sociality have evolved in insects. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.INTRODUCTION Geographic disparities in head and neck cancer (HNC) outcomes in Australia may be mediated by timeliness of diagnosis and treatment. This retrospective cohort study examines geographic variations in survival and time intervals leading up to treatment for HNC at two tertiary referral centres in New South Wales. METHODS Eligible patients were NSW residents aged ≥18 years, diagnosed with primary oropharynx or oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) between 01 July 2008 and 30 June 2013, and treated with curative intent. Main outcomes were times from diagnosis to treatment and from surgery to post-operative radiotherapy and overall survival. Differences based on remoteness of residence (regional/remote or metropolitan) were assessed. RESULTS A total of 224 patients were eligible. Median time from symptom onset to treatment was longer for regional/remote patients with oropharynx SCC (4.7 vs. 3.8 months, P = 0.044) and oral cavity SCC (6.4 vs. 3.3 months, P = 0.003). Median time from diagnosis to treatment was longer for regional/remote patients with oropharyngeal SCC (47 days vs. 36 days, P = 0.003). Time from surgery to adjuvant radiotherapy was longer among regional/remote patients with oral cavity SCC (66 vs. 42 days, P = 0.001). Overall survival did not differ based on remoteness. CONCLUSION Regional/remote HNC patients experienced longer times to diagnosis and treatment, and regardless of remoteness of residence, fewer than half of patients were treated within guideline recommended timeframes. Despite this non-adherence to guidelines, there were no differences in survival outcomes among this cohort. However, the impact of not meeting guidelines on patient outcomes other than survival warrants further investigation. © 2020 The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists.BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Previous literature has demonstrated disparity in the postoperative recovery of first and second language function of bilingual neurosurgical patients. However, it is unclear to whether preoperative brain mapping of both languages is needed. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of language task functional MRI (fMRI) implemented in both languages in bilingual patients. METHODS We retrospectively examined fMRI data of 13 bilingual brain tumor patients (age 23 to 59 years) who performed antonym generation task-based fMRIs in English and non-English language. The usefulness of bilingual language mapping was evaluated using a structured survey administered to 5 neurosurgeons. Additionally, quantitative comparison between the brain activation maps of both languages was performed. RESULTS Survey responses revealed differences in raters' surgical approach, including asleep versus awake surgery and extent of resection, after viewing the language fMRI maps. Additional non-English fMRI led to changes in surgical decision-making and bettered localization of language areas.