Gaardeskovbjerg7024
Observed shifts of ν C O and ν N 2 are explained by an interplay between electrostatic effects (blue shift), due to the positive partial charge, and by π-backdonation (red shift). Energy decomposition analysis and analysis of natural orbitals for chemical valence support all conclusions based on the experimental results. This establishes a rational understanding of [B12 X11 ]- reactivety dependent on the substituent X and provides first systematic data on π-backdonation from delocalized σ-electron systems of closo-borate anions.
Several clinician-rated scoring systems are available to assess nail psoriasis severity, but only one has been partially validated.
To develop and validate the Physician's Global Assessment of Fingernail Psoriasis (PGA-F), a new clinician-rated severity scale.
A literature review, concept elicitation, pilot cognitive debriefing and clinical expert consultations informed the development of the PGA-F. A multistage mixed-methods analysis consisted of practising dermatologist cognitive interviews (n=10) for instrument clarity, relevance and comprehensiveness. Inter-rater reliability (IRR) of ratings from dermatologists (n=22) and clinical trial investigators (n=8) was tested using many-facet Rasch analysis. Concurrent validity between the PGA-F and modified Nail Psoriasis Severity Index (mNAPSI) at screening and baseline was assessed along with the degree of discrimination. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for single raters at multiple assessments determined IRR.
The PGA-F synthesizes severity rath type of IRR indicate that clinicians were consistent in individual patient ratings.
The PGA-F is a rapid, valid and reliable clinician-rated severity scale for use in clinical practice and research.
The PGA-F is a rapid, valid and reliable clinician-rated severity scale for use in clinical practice and research.
Flow related artifacts in continuous arterial spin labeling (cASL) zero-echo-time (ZTE) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) could influence the vasculature visualization.
To investigate the clinical feasibility for the intracranial artery diseases assessment by utilizing hybrid ASL-ZTE-MRA (hASL-ZTE-MRA).
Prospective, technical development.
Sixty-seven subjects with known/suspected cerebrovascular diseases.
Gradient echo based cASL-/hASL- ZTE-MRA at 3.0 T.
Subjective/objective evaluation for sound-levels. Image quality (IQ), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were analyzed within artery segments. Stenotic grading, aneurysm measurement, and signal intensity of lesions were further analyzed.
Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for data normality check. Between two MRAs Wilcoxon signed-rank test for sound experience/IQ ratings analysis; Paired t test for SNR/CNR comparison. One-way analysis of variance for sound intensity comparison. For stenosis grading/aneurysm measurement KendalRA is robust and feasible for the evaluation of intracranial artery diseases with diagnostic IQ, improved vessel contrast, and better signal heterogeneity.
2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY 2.
2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY 2.Globally, there is a high demand for bio-based soil stabilizers required for improving the strength properties of weak in situ soil. Microbes and microbial components such as Bacillus spp. have gained interest as soil stabilizers due to their production of spores, bio-enzymes, and bio-polymers. However, the current approach for any microlevel assessment of bio-additives and in situ soil improvement is limited. This paper provides data for microstructural evaluation of stabilized soil material for the postulation of the mode of action. In this study, the microbonding effect (i.e., bio-based cementation, bio-clogging, and soil particle bio-coating) is successfully observed within the various stabilizing prototypes, obtained from a novel Bacillus spp. BX471 using advanced methods, namely field emission gun-scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy. The results show that treated soil versus untreated soil properties are altered by the bio-additive/s stabilizing effect. These indicator tests provide data for further bio-stabilizer product prototype development and processes (i.e., improved products in terms of strength and moisture susceptibility). The use of microscopy and spectroscopy was sufficient for the preliminary selection of suitable candidates for soil stabilization.
To investigate the symmetry constraint in susceptibility tensor imaging.
The linear relationship between the MRI frequency shift and the magnetic susceptibility tensor is derived without constraining the tensor to be symmetric. In the asymmetric case, the system matrix is shown to be maximally rank 6. Nonetheless, relaxing the symmetry constraint may still improve tensor estimation because noise and image artifacts do not necessarily follow the constraint.
Gradient echo phase data are obtained from postmortem mouse brain and kidney samples. Both symmetric and asymmetric tensor reconstructions are applied to the data. The reconstructions are then used for susceptibility tensor imaging fiber tracking. Simulations with ground truth and at various noise levels are also performed. The reconstruction methods are compared qualitatively and quantitatively.
Compared to regularized and unregularized symmetric reconstructions, the asymmetric reconstruction shows reduced noise and streaking artifacts, better contrast, and more complete fiber tracking. In simulation, the asymmetric reconstruction achieves better mean squared error and better angular difference in the presence of noise. Decomposing the asymmetric tensor into its symmetric and antisymmetric components confirms that the underlying susceptibility tensor is symmetric and that the main sources of asymmetry are noise and streaking artifacts.
Whereas the susceptibility tensor is symmetric, asymmetric reconstruction is more effective in suppressing noise and artifacts, resulting in more accurate estimation of the susceptibility tensor.
Whereas the susceptibility tensor is symmetric, asymmetric reconstruction is more effective in suppressing noise and artifacts, resulting in more accurate estimation of the susceptibility tensor.
