Chaneylunde0253

PURPOSE To investigate the impact of interfractional anatomical changes and setup correction methods on dose distributions in pancreatic cancer patients under breath-hold conditions. METHODS Three intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) plans with different beam arrangements and one volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plan prescribing 54 Gy in 30 fractions were created for 10 patients who underwent three additional CT scans performed at an interval of 1-2 weeks. The additional CT sets were rigidly registered to the simulation CT set using both bone-matching (BM) and organ-matching (OM) methods in each patient. Recalculated dose distributions and dose-volume indices on the additional CT sets using either the BM or the OM method were compared with the simulation values. Afuresertib mouse RESULTS Differences in the gross tumor volume D98% value from the simulation sets ranged from -0.8 to -5.9% on average. In addition, the variations were larger with OM compared with BM for two IMPT plans. Meanwhile, differences in the D98% value in the region isotropically enlarged by 5 mm from the gross tumor volume were significantly improved with OM on two IMPT plans and the VMAT plan. Among the organs at risk, the dose-volume indices were significantly improved with OM only in the duodenum on all plans. CONCLUSION Organ-matching may be a better setup correction technique than BM for both photon therapy and IMPT plans. However, in some beam arrangements of IMPT, the dose distribution may be somewhat worse using OM, due to interfractional anatomical variation. Therefore, it is important to choose beam angles that are less likely to be influenced by changes in the gastrointestinal gas volume, especially in IMPT plans. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Association of Physicists in Medicine.Altered sleep neurophysiology has consistently been reported in adult patients with schizophrenia. Converging evidence suggests that childhood onset schizophrenia (COS), a rare but severe form of schizophrenia, is continuous with adult onset schizophrenia. The aim of the current study was to characterize sleep neurophysiology in COS. An overnight sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded in 17 children and adolescents with COS (16 years ± 6.6) and 17 age and gender-matched controls. Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep EEG power and coherence for the frequency bands delta (1.6-4.8 Hz), theta (5-8.4 Hz), alpha (8.6-11 Hz), beta 1 (16.4-20.2 Hz) and beta 2 (20.4-24.2 Hz) were compared between COS patients and controls. COS patients exhibited significant and widespread deficits in beta power during NREM and REM sleep. With regard to coherence, we found increases in COS patients across brain regions, frequency bands and sleep states. This study demonstrates the utility of the sleep EEG for studying vulnerable populations and its potential to aid diagnosis. © 2020 European Sleep Research Society.AIMS The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of new and currently used biocides in the mushroom industry for inactivating L. monocytogenes biofilm. METHODS AND RESULTS A lab-scale study was initially carried out to test the efficacy of eleven biocidal products against a cocktail of five L. monocytogenes strains that were grown to three-day biofilms on stainless steel coupons. Biocidal efficacy was then tested under clean and dirty conditions based on the EN 136972015 method. The results for the biocides tested ranged between 1.7-log to 6-log reduction of biofilm, with only the efficacy of the sodium hypochlorite-based biocide being significantly reduced in dirty conditions. A pilot-scale trial was then carried out on a subset of biocides against L. monocytogenes on concrete floors in a mushroom growing room and it was found that biocide efficacy in lab-scale did not translate well in pilot-scale. CONCLUSIONS Biocides that are used in the mushroom industry and potential alternative biocides were determined to be effective against L. monocytogenes biofilm in both lab-scale and pilot-scale experiments. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study has direct impact for the industry as it provides information on the efficacy of currently used biocides and other biocidal products against L. monocytogenes, an added benefit to their primary use. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Transmembrane receptors integrins are the bridges for cell-cell or cell-extracellular matrix interaction, which is strictly correlated to the cancer development in several tumor types. Here, we revealed that integrinβ8 serves as driver to mediate bladder cancer sustained growth and drugs resistance development. The elevated expression of integrin β8 was observed in high malignant bladder tumor tissues from patients. The in vitro and in vivo results further demonstrated that integrin β8 overexpression in Biu87/T24 bladder cancer could mediate strengthen cells proliferation and resistance to mitomycin C and hydroxycamptothecin. Mechanistically, integrin β8 on cellular surface might recruit the phosphorylated YBX1, leading to the activation of c-Myc and NF-kB signals. Pharmacological targeting of integrin β8 by Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser efficiently suppressed the sustained growth and drugs resistance in bladder cancer cells. Our findings identified integrin β8 as a marker of bladder cancer diagnosis and development, and provides an innovative approach for clinic bladder cancer therapy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.A validated thin-layer chromatography (TLC) method combined with fluorescence detection mode was developed for the selective determination of a recently approved anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) drug (velpatasvir). The separation was performed on silica gel 60 F254 plates using ethylacetatemethanoltriethylamine (481.51.0, v/v/v) as a mobile phase. Plates were scanned in the fluorescence mode after excitation at 335 nm. This method provided an excellent separation of velpatasvir from sofosbuvir with RF values of 0.22 and 0.46 for velpatasvir and sofosbuvir, respectively, after scanning the developed plates in the ultraviolet detection mode at 335 nm. The calibration curve was linear over the range 4-40 ng/band with a correlation coefficient of 0.9994. The developed procedure was validated according to ICH guidelines with a detection limit of 1.30 ng/band and quantitation limit of 3.95 ng/band. The suggested method could selectively determine velpatasvir with high sensitivity in a synthetic tablet powder containing a co-formulated anti-HCV drug (sofosbuvir) without any interference from excipients or sofosbuvir.