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3±31.5ml. Most patients (68.9%) were extubated in the operating room. The postoperative hospital stay was 9.8±5.9 days (5-37 days). 22.6% of patients relapsed after one-year. Refractory MG declined to 5.7% after surgical treatment.

VATS thymectomy for MG with thymoma was safe and effective, with a lower rate of intraoperative complications, shorter hospitalization, and better long-term outcomes. This approach could be applicable for patients of all age groups with thymomas at early Masaoka's stages.

VATS thymectomy for MG with thymoma was safe and effective, with a lower rate of intraoperative complications, shorter hospitalization, and better long-term outcomes. This approach could be applicable for patients of all age groups with thymomas at early Masaoka's stages.

Sarcopenia is a well-known risk factor for inferior cancer outcomes, but the identification of patients at risk remains challenging. A new sarcopenia index (SI), defined as serum creatinine (Cr)×cystatin C (CysC)-based glomerular filtration rate (eGFR

), has been reported to be an objective surrogate marker for sarcopenia. The aim of this study was to assess whether the SI is associated with sarcopenia and cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in patients with advanced cancer.

This cross-sectional study included 182 patients with different types of cancer (cancer stages III/IV; mean age 55.1 ± 11.1 y). Sarcopenia was defined as the presence of both low muscle mass and low muscle strength. The cross-sectional area of skeletal muscle mass (SMA) at the third lumbar spine was estimated by computed tomography (CT). Low muscle mass was defined as a skeletal muscle index (SMA/height

) <34.9 cm

/m

for women and 40.8 cm

/m

for men. Low muscle strength was determined by handgrip strength (HGS) according to the cufor assessing sarcopenia in patients with advanced cancer. Further studies are warranted to extend the present findings.

The SI might be a useful objective tool for assessing sarcopenia in patients with advanced cancer. Further studies are warranted to extend the present findings.

Advances in the treatment of myasthenia gravis (MG) have improved quality of life and prognosis for the majority of patients. However, 10%-20% of patients present refractory MG, with frequent relapses and significant functional limitations.

Patients with refractory MG were selected from a cohort of patients diagnosed with MG between January 2008 and June 2019. Refractory MG was defined as lack of response to treatment with prednisone and at least 2 immunosuppressants, inability to withdraw treatment without relapse in the last 12 months, or intolerance to treatment with severe adverse reactions.

We identified 84 patients with MG, 11 of whom (13%) met criteria for refractory MG. Mean (standard deviation) age was 47 (18) years; 64% of patients with refractory MG had early-onset generalised myasthenia (as compared to 22% in the group of patients with MG; P<.01), with a higher proportion of women in this group (P<.01). Disease severity at diagnosis and at the time of data analysis was higher among patients with refractory MG, who presented more relapses during follow-up. Logistic regression analysis revealed an independent association between refractory MG and the number of severe relapses.

The percentage of patients with refractory MG in our series (13%) is similar to those reported in previous studies; these patients were often women and presented early onset, severe forms of onset, and repeated relapses requiring hospital admission during follow-up.

The percentage of patients with refractory MG in our series (13%) is similar to those reported in previous studies; these patients were often women and presented early onset, severe forms of onset, and repeated relapses requiring hospital admission during follow-up.Sulfate and iron oxides are often used as amendments in paddy soil, but their ecological risks for soil microbiomes are not well understood. selleck Paddy soil amended with gypsum or hematite was incubated in laboratory microcosms under submerged (56 d) and subsequent dry (35 d) conditions. The soil bacterial community composition stabilized after 15-21 d of submergence and remained largely unchanged after redrying. The presence of OTUs related to facultative anaerobic bacteria (mainly Acidobacteria groups 7 and 16, Gemmatimonas, and unclassified bacteria) probably accounted for the limited variation in community composition after redrying, as suggested by random forest regressions. Redrying caused remarkable changes in the relative abundance of many bacteria putatively involved in soil reduction and oxidation. Gypsum and hematite did not stimulate sulfate or iron reduction after soil submergence. Although gypsum and hematite largely preserved the bacterial community composition, they significantly reduced the abundance and diversity of the total bacteria (by 3-12%), as well as the relative abundance of many putative bacterial reducers and oxidizers (by 17-100%), compared to the control. The results suggested the potential hazardous effects of sulfate and iron oxide on the bacteria in paddy soil, which should be considered before applying these amendments.Recently, antibiotics with high ecotoxicity have been ubiquitously detected in aquatic environment. The photocatalysis/persulfate-oxidation hybrid (PPOH) system has been proved as a promising strategy for antibiotic degradation. The efficient antibiotic removal is due to the favorable synergistic effects between photocatalysis and persulfate activation. To our best knowledge, relevant reviews on the photo-assisted persulfate activation (PPA) system have been reported, while the research progress on persulfate-assisted photocatalysis (PAP) and concurrent photocatalysis-persulfate activation (CPPA) systems for antibiotic wastewater treatment have yet been summarized. Hence, the PPOH systems are categorized into PPA, PAP and CPPA systems in this review. Besides, the performance of antibiotic degradation and internal mechanism in the coupled oxidation system are summarized and analyzed comprehensively. Finally, conclusions and future prospects of PPOH systems in antibiotic wastewater treatment are proposed. This study provides an overview of PPOH system and outlines the future research direction of the system in practical treatment of antibiotic wastewater.