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IT dexamethasone was safer than IV dexamethasone, and there was no evidence of a difference in hearing outcomes between IT dexamethasone and sequential IV plus IT treatments. It is necessary to make individualised treatment decisions according to the patient's condition.

IT dexamethasone was safer than IV dexamethasone, and there was no evidence of a difference in hearing outcomes between IT dexamethasone and sequential IV plus IT treatments. It is necessary to make individualised treatment decisions according to the patient's condition.

Dental implant placement navigation systems based on optical tracking have been widely used in clinics. However, electromagnetic (EM) navigation method that does not suffer from problems of hidden line-of-light has not yet been described.

This work proposes an EM-guided navigation method named TianShu-ESNS with virtual calibration. Model (12 implants) and animal experiments (pig head six implants) were conducted to evaluate its performance and stability.

The mean virtual calibration error was 0.83±0.20mm. The mean deviations at the entry point, end point and angle in the phantom experiment of TianShu-ESNS were 1.23±0.17mm, 1.59±0.20mm and 1.83±0.27°, respectively. In the animal experiment, the same deviations were 1.25±0.07mm, 1.57±0.35mm and 1.90±0.60°, respectively.

The experimental results show that TianShu-ESNS with the virtual calibration method could serve as a promising tool to eliminate the line-of-light hidden problem and simplify operation procedure in dental implant placement.

The experimental results show that TianShu-ESNS with the virtual calibration method could serve as a promising tool to eliminate the line-of-light hidden problem and simplify operation procedure in dental implant placement.Mutations in the nuclear trypsin-like serine protease FAM111A cause Kenny-Caffey syndrome (KCS2) with hypoparathyroidism and skeletal dysplasia or perinatally lethal osteocraniostenosis (OCS). In addition, FAM111A was identified as a restriction factor for certain host range mutants of the SV40 polyomavirus and VACV orthopoxvirus. However, because FAM111A function is poorly characterized, its roles in restricting viral replication and the etiology of KCS2 and OCS remain undefined. We find that FAM111A KCS2 and OCS patient mutants are hyperactive and cytotoxic, inducing apoptosis-like phenotypes such as disruption of nuclear structure and pore distribution, in a protease-dependent manner. Moreover, wild-type FAM111A activity causes similar nuclear phenotypes, including the loss of nuclear barrier function, when SV40 host range mutants attempt to replicate in restrictive cells. Interestingly, pan-caspase inhibitors do not block these FAM111A-induced phenotypes, implying it acts independently or upstream of caspases. In this regard, we identify nucleoporins and the associated GANP transcription/replication factor as FAM111A interactors and candidate targets. IWR-1-endo research buy Overall, we reveal a potentially unifying mechanism through which deregulated FAM111A activity restricts viral replication and causes KCS2 and OCS.Energy storage and growth are coordinated in response to nutrient status of animals. How nutrient-regulated signaling pathways control these processes in vivo remains insufficiently understood. Here, we establish an atypical MAP kinase, ERK7, as an inhibitor of adiposity and growth in Drosophila. ERK7 mutant larvae display elevated triacylglycerol (TAG) stores and accelerated growth rate, while overexpressed ERK7 is sufficient to inhibit lipid storage and growth. ERK7 expression is elevated upon fasting and ERK7 mutant larvae display impaired survival during nutrient deprivation. ERK7 acts in the fat body, the insect counterpart of liver and adipose tissue, where it controls the subcellular localization of chromatin-binding protein PWP1, a growth-promoting downstream effector of mTOR. PWP1 maintains the expression of sugarbabe, encoding a lipogenic Gli-similar family transcription factor. Both PWP1 and Sugarbabe are necessary for the increased growth and adiposity phenotypes of ERK7 loss-of-function animals. In conclusion, ERK7 is an anti-anabolic kinase that inhibits lipid storage and growth while promoting survival on fasting conditions.As of 21 April 2020, 176 ASF outbreaks have occurred in China. For each outbreak, an investigation was conducted, including historical data retrieval and traceability of potential contacts. The purpose of this study is to conduct a preliminary analysis of the data obtained from the outbreak investigations, including an investigation of the possible contributing factors of the spread of ASF in China. Based on the epidemic situation and the policies issued, the entire epidemic can be divided into three phases. 71 outbreaks were reported between 3 August 2018 and 17 November 2018; 44 outbreaks between 19 November 2018 and 30 March 2019; and 61 outbreaks between 4 April 2019 and 12 April 2020. Based on the reported outbreaks, the proportional rate of outbreaks in small farms (livestock ≤ 500, 127/168) is significantly higher than that of medium (501 ≤ livestock less then 2,000, 14/168; 2001 ≤ livestock ≤ 5,000, 9/168) and large farms (livestock ≥ 5,001, 18/168). The odds of infection related to swill feeding (OR = 2.5, 95% CI, 1.5-4.3) and the mechanical dissemination of vehicles and personnel (OR = 2.7, 95% CI, 1.6-4.5) are significantly higher than those of pigs and pig production transportation. Swill feeding is the major contributing factor for small farms while mechanical dissemination of vehicles and personnel is the major contributing factor for large farms. The average duration from the beginning of the infection to the official outbreak report is gradually decreasing, which means that response speed of industry entities and the animal husbandry and veterinary departments from the beginning of the infection to the outbreak report is gradually increasing. Based on the analysis for ASF outbreaks, some policies and suggestions were put forward, such as improving the biosecurity level of the farms, as well as strengthening the supervision of breeding, transportation and slaughter.