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189, p = 0.013). CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that the increased density of MGCs is associated with advanced stage of PTC, and therefore with tumor progression and that cases of PTC should be carefully screened for their presence. Copyright © 2019 Maya Vladova Gulubova, Koni Vancho Ivanova.BACKGROUND Intra-peritoneal adhesions (IPAs) common occurre in post abdominal surgical. Athough many methods have been developed for controlling IPAs, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) application, however, there is none completely preventing in due to the mesothelial structure may promote the prolonged inflammations leading. Nevertheless hypoxia-MSCs (H-MSCs) have more potent in controlling the inflammation than normoxia-MSCs (N-MSCs) by releasing several anti-inflamation particularly IL-10, however the H-MSCs application to inhibit IPAs remain unclear. AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of H-MSCs in preventing the AIPs event by releasing IL-10 on the ileum abrasion sutured omental patch as the animal model of peritoneal adhesion. METHODS Using 24 IPAs animal model were randomly divided into 4 groups Sham (Sh), Control (C), H-MSCs at high dose (T1) and H-MSCs at low dose (T2). H-MSCs were incubated under hypoxic conditions (5% O2), 37°C and 5% CO2 for 24 hours. The expression level of IL-10 was performed using RT-PCR analysis. The macroscopic appearance of IPAs was evaluated using Nair's scale base on the absence/presence of adhesion, whereas the microscopic by Zuhlke's scale at Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. RESULTS This study showed a significanly increase in IL-10 expression (p less then 0.05) at all T groups. In line with this, we also found a significant difference in IPAs between T groups and Control as well as a Sham (p less then 0.05) either in the macroscopic or microscopic analysis. CONCLUSION H-MSCs has a robust ability in inhibiting severe IPAs characterized by the decreased of adhesion formation and the enhanced expression of IL-10. Copyright © 2019 Adi Muradi Muhar, Agung Putra, Syah Mirsya Warli, Delfitri Munir.BACKGROUND Obese children and adolescents are more prone to have metabolic syndrome (MS).MS is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors associated with insulin resistance. Body round index [BRI], visceral adiposity index [VAI] and a body shape index [ABSI] are among the new obesity anthropometric parameters. AIM To evaluate the new markers for obesity in children and their possible association with other laboratory and clinical variables of MS. METHODS Eighty nine obese children and 40 controls aged 10-18 years were recruited. Full history taking, thorough clinical examination, anthropometric and biochemical features were performed in the studied groups. Subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT) and visceral fat thickness (VFT) were estimated by ultrasonography. RESULTS Obese children, exhibited significantly higher values in all anthropometric measurements (P less then 0.001). Diastolic and systolic blood pressure were significantly higher (P less then 0.001) in the obese group. ST-246 ABSI, BRI and VAI have been found to be significantly higher in obese subjects (P less then 0.001), with no significant gender difference. BMI, WHtR, WC/HR, SBP, DBP, subcutaneous fat thickness and visceral fat thickness, Liver Span, ABSI, BRI, VAI and HOMA_IR were significantly higher among children with MS than those without MS. Positive significant correlations of VAI with BMI, WC/Ht, WC/Hip, SBP, DBP, SFT, VFT, Liver size and HOMA-IR (r = 0.384, 0.239, 0.268, 0.329, 0.516, 0.320, 0.254, 0.251, and 0.278 respectively) are shown. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of BMI, VAI, ABSI, BRI for predicting MS was 0.802 (0.701-0.902), 0.737 (0.33-0.841), 0.737 (0.620-0.855), 0.816 (0.698-0.934). CONCLUSION We suggest using the VAI and WHtR indexes, as they are better predictor of MS. Copyright © 2019 Nagwa Abdallah Ismail, Shadia H Ragab, Abeer M.Nour El Din Abd El Baky, Mona Hamed Ibrahim.AIM To determine toxicopathological and cytogenetic effects of Acetothioamide (ATA) on the female reproductive system. METHODS Twenty albino female mice were divided equally into two groups the first group (control) fed with diet pellet. The second group (treated) were inoculated intraperitoneally with a single dose of ATA (100 mg/kg Bw) for 15 days. All mice were sacrificed at the end of the experiment and blood was collected for evaluation of (FSH and LH), serum peroxy nitrate radical concentration. Cytogenetic analysis (chromosomal aberration, micronuclei, mitotic index and blast index) and the histopathological examination on ovary and uterus were done. RESULTS ATA causes significant reduction (p less then 0.0001) for FSH, LH and serum peroxy nitrate radical concentration among treated females. Oophoritis, pyometria, thrombosis and endometrial hyperplasia with granulomatous reaction were reported among treated females mainly in uterus tissue and ovary. CONCLUSION ATA causes significant reduction for FSH, LH and serum peroxy nitrate concentration among treated females. Oophoritis, pyometria, thrombosis and endometrial hyperplasia with granulomatous reaction were the main pathological changes in uterus tissue and ovary among treated females. Copyright © 2019 Anas A. Humadi, Bushra I. AL-Kaisei, Taghreed J. Humadai, Ali Ibrahim Ali Al-Ezzy.BACKGROUND Extensive intracellular and extracellular formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) is considered a causative factor for vascular injury triggered by hyperglycemia in diabetes. The hyperglycemia will cause accumulation of AGEs, damage to pericytes, nerve growth factor (NGF), glial acid fibrillary protein (GFAP) and increase in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). AIM This study aimed to assess the efficacy of RAGE inhibition in suppressing the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy through modulation of the inflammatory pathway involving NGF, GFAP, and VEGF. METHODS The design was in vivo experimental study. Thirty white rats were induced with Alloxan monohydrate. Rats were divided into 5 groups, normal, negative control, groups with an anti-RAGE dose of 1 μg/uL, the dose of 10 μg/uL and 100 μg/uL. After 4 weeks of treatment, HbA1c, NGF, and GFAP levels were measured using ELISA. Quantification of VEGF expression was done using the ImageJ® application. Data was expressed with mean ± SD.