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The right eye was treated with intravitreal ranibizumab and tissue plasminogen activator, which enhanced absorption of the vitelliform material. However, 14 months later, a macular hole with typical metamorphopsia formed above a subretinal fibrotic scar at the vitelliruptive stage. Although pars plana vitrectomy closed the macular hole, enlargement of the outer retinal atrophy worsened the BCVA to 20/100. Conclusions and importance We successfully treated one eye with a sPED with AVLs using the combination therapy of IVA/STTA/PDT, while the second eye with a macular hole secondary to AVLs ultimately developed outer retinal atrophy with visual loss. © 2020 The Author(s).Purpose To describe pertinent imaging studies and clinical features of a torpedo maculopathy presumably associated with congenital Zika syndrome. Observation A 23-month-old child, with no prematurity or microcephaly at birth, was examined in the Ophthalmology department of the University Hospital of Fort-de-France (Martinique, French West Indies), as part of a systematic screening of malformations in children suspected of maternal-fetal exposure to Zika virus. Zika infection was confirmed in the mother's serum by Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction during the third trimester of pregnancy. Fundus examination found a unilateral hypopigmented retinal lesion, temporal to the macula, with an apex pointing to the fovea. Explorations in spectral-domain optical coherence tomography showed a subretinal cleft with broadening and attenuation of the interdigitation zone, elevation of the outer limiting membrane and the ellipsoid zone, without thinning of the outer retinal layers. Conclusion and importance There is a proven risk of congenital eye defects after Zika infection during pregnancy. We report here the first case of torpedo maculopathy without microcephaly, in a child suspected of maternal-fetal exposure to Zika. © 2020 The Author(s).Purpose Pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD) is a rare disease that is often mistaken for keratoconus but can similarly be treated with corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL). We report a case followed though 6 years of progressive irregular corneal flattening and thinning in both eyes (OU) after eccentric CXL for PMD. Observation A 46-year-old man with bilateral PMD and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) of 20/20 (-2.00x80) in the right eye (OD) and 20/30 (+3.50-5.25x105) in the left eye (OS) underwent conventional 9 mm eccentric CXL in OU and intrastromal corneal ring implantation in the OS. An uneventful first year postoperative follow-up showed stabilization of the ectasia. In subsequent years, progressive inferior flattening was observed with decreased CDVA, corneal thinning and worsening of the haze. At the last follow-up, his CDVA was 20/40 (+5.00-2.00x55) OD and 20/60 (+6.00-1.50x80) OS. Conclusion and Importance The current report highlights the notion that mid- and long-term evaluations of customized crosslinking techniques may reveal progressive flattening and corneal irregularity. © 2020 The Author(s).Purpose To report a case of Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN) presenting as bilateral episcleritis and interstitial keratitis along with erythema nodosum and atrial fibrillation and to review the ophthalmic literature on PAN with anterior segment findings. Observations A 35-year old man presented with a two-month history of bilateral episcleritis, skin lesions consistent with erythema nodosum, joint effusions and episodes of prolonged diarrhea and atrial fibrillation. Ophthalmic examination was significant for bilateral diffuse episcleral injection and nummular corneal stromal infiltrates. The patient underwent an extensive infectious and inflammatory work-up that was negative except for a very elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (123 mm/h, normal  less then  20 mm/h) and C-reactive protein (51 mg/L, normal  less then  5 mg/L). In order to rule out inflammatory bowel disease upper endoscopy and colonoscopy were performed. Biopsies of the gastrointestinal mucosa were positive for a small- and medium-vessel necrotcion is warranted in cases of bilateral episcleritis and interstitial keratitis. © 2020 The Authors.Introduction Aromatherapy is prominent in complementary and alternative medicine. Little endocrinological evidence, however, of the effects of aromatherapy has yet been presented. click here We used salivary stress marker chromogranin A (CgA) to examine the effects of lavender aroma on women watching a stressful video. Methods Healthy female university students (n = 23) aged 20-22 years old were randomly assigned to two groups an aroma group exposed to lavender and an unexposed control group. Both groups watched a stressful video for 10 min. During the protocol, the aroma group was exposed to lavender aroma. Samples of salivary chromogranin A (CgA) were collected immediately before and after watching the video, and at 5 and 10 min after that. Results In the aroma group, the levels of CgA statistically significantly decreased throughout the experimental period. In the control group, there was no such change. Conclusion The findings suggest that lavender aroma may reduce the stress effects of watching a stressful video. © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.Background Study participants express a desire to receive the results of studies in which they have participated even when the results are not what researchers expected. Sharing results with participants is a core principle of community-based participatory research (CBPR), however, many researchers using a community-based participatory approach report that they encounter barriers to sharing results with study participants. Researchers at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences established a CBPR partnership with Marshallese community stakeholders in an effort to reduce the health disparities of this vulnerable population. Marshallese are a Pacific Islander population that faces significant health disparities and have a high prevalence of diabetes, obesity, obesity-related cancers, and other chronic diseases compared to the general US population. Methods A qualitative descriptive design was used to evaluate Marshallese participants' perceptions related to receiving results of a culturally adapted Diabetes Self-Management Education randomized control trial in which they participated.