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Cellular immunity responses were significantly lower in control group and challenged birds fed with WP compared with other groups after 48 hr of phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P) injection. Ethanol challenge decreased liver antioxidant enzyme activities and increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities. Dietary inclusion of WP and WPC increased levels of liver antioxidant enzymes and decreased MDA and ALT activities. It can be recommended to use WP for improving the growth performance and liver antioxidant enzymes in broiler chickens challenged with ethanol. © 2020 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.Matrine (MAT) is an alkaloid in the dried roots of Sophora flavescens. The antitumor activity has been testified in colon cancer. Howbeit, the latent mechanism is still indistinct. The research probed the antitumor mechanism of MAT in colon cancer cells. MAT (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, and 1.25 mM) was utilized to stimulate SW480 and SW620 cells for 24, 48, and 72 hr. Cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle, and the correlative proteins were assessed via Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry, and Western blot. microRNA-22 (miR-22) in MAT-treated or miR-22-silenced cells was estimated via real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Vismodegib molecular weight The functions of miR-22 inhibition were reassessed. Western blot was conducted for quantifying β-catenin, MEK, and ERK. Luciferase reporter assay was done for confirming the targeting relationship between miR-22 and ERBB3 or MECOM. MAT prohibited cell viability, accelerated apoptosis, and triggered cells cycle stagnation at G0/G1 phase. Additionally, miR-22 was elevated by MAT; meanwhile, the influences of MAT were all inverted by miR-22 inhibitor. MAT enhanced the expression of miR-22, thereby obstructing Wnt/β-catenin and MEK/ERK pathways. miR-22 had a potential to target mRNA 3'UTR of ERBB3 and MECOM. These discoveries manifested that MAT could evoke colon cancer cell apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest via elevating miR-22. HIGHLIGHTS MAT restrains colon cancer cells growth; MAT triggers colon cancer cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase; MAT elevates miR-22 expression in colon cancer cells; MiR-22 repression inverts the functions of MAT in colon cancer cells growth and cell cycle arrest; MAT hinders Wnt/β-catenin and MEK/ERK pathways via enhancing miR-22. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Kinesin is a molecular motor that moves along microtubules. Kinesin family member 9 (KIF9) is evolutionarily conserved and expressed strongly in mouse testis. In the unicellular flagellate Chlamydomonas, KLP1 (ortholog of KIF9) is localized to the central pair microtubules of the axoneme and regulates flagellar motility. In contrast, the function of KIF9 remains unclear in mammals. Here, we mutated KIF9 in mice using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Kif9 mutated mice exhibit impaired sperm motility and subfertility. Further analysis reveals that the flagella lacking KIF9 showed an asymmetric waveform pattern, which leads to a circular motion of spermatozoa. In spermatozoa that lack the central pair protein HYDIN, KIF9 was not detected by immunofluorescence and immunoblot analysis. These results suggest that KIF9 is associated with the central pair microtubules and regulates flagellar motility in mice. © The Authors. The FASEB Journal published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.BACKGROUND Photoprotection of human skin is determined as the capacity of sunscreens to prevent ultraviolet (UV) B radiation-induced erythema and UVA radiation-induced pigmentation. It is unequivocal that, in addition to sunscreens, oral supplementation with carotenoids can protect human skin against UVB radiation-induced erythema. It is not known if this is also the case for UVA radiation-induced pigmentation. OBJECTIVE To clinically evaluate the photoprotective effects of daily supplementation with carotenoids against UVA radiation-induced pigmentation. METHODS In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 60 subjects (Fitzpatrick types II-IV) were randomized to receive Nutrilite™ Multi Carotene supplement or placebo for 12 weeks. UVB-induced minimal erythemal dose (MED), UVA-induced minimal persistent pigmentation dose (MPPD) and skin carotenoid levels were measured at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of intervention. Skin color was evaluated by expert clinical graders and by colorimetry. Carotenoid levels in the skin were measured by the Biozoom® device. RESULTS In the intervention group, a significant increase in comparison with the placebo group was observed in (a) skin carotenoid levels, (b) UVB-induced MED, and (c) UVA-induced MPPD values obtained by colorimetry. CONCLUSION Daily supplementation with carotenoids protects human skin against both UVB-induced erythema and UVA-induced pigmentation. © 2020 The Authors. Photodermatology, Photoimmunology & Photomedicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.AIM This study aimed to examine the association between workplace incivility and compassion competence of Korean nurses, as well as the moderating effect of psychological capital. BACKGROUND Workplace incivility affects the quality of patient care and as such is worthy of critical examination regarding its impact on the compassion competence of nurses. METHODS In this descriptive cross-sectional study, data for 192 Korean hospital nurses were used to analyze the relationship between workplace incivility and compassion competence and the moderating effect of psychological capital. RESULTS Workplace incivility was negatively associated with compassion competence of nurses. Furthermore, psychological capital had a conditional moderating effect on the relationship between workplace incivility and nurses' compassion competence. The negative associations of workplace incivility with compassion competence were significant at low and medium levels of psychological capital but not at high psychological capital. Moreover, the association was stronger for those with low psychological capital. CONCLUSION Workplace incivility is negatively associated with compassion competence among nurses, and psychological capital has conditional moderating effects in its relationship. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Management efforts to reduce workplace incivility and to improve nurses' psychological capital are needed to improve patient care quality. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.