Pilegaardmckinney1836

Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) are prone to depression, and its presence is associated with poor adverse cardiac outcomes. Although lifestyle modification (LSM) has been shown to be beneficial in managing depression in patients with CAD, it is not known whether the mode of cardiac intervention [(coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) versus percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)] influences the outcome.

We examined the prevalence of depression among myocardial infarction (MI) patients after revascularisation and compared the effect of LSM on incidence of depression in patients who underwent CABG versus PCI.

We evaluated the risk-factor profile, depression characteristics and lifestyle changes of 100 consecutive participants undergoing coronary revascularisation over a 15-month period (January 2017 to May 2018). The Beck depression inventory II (BDI-II) was used to assess depression and the Goldin leisure-time exercise (GLTE) questionnaire to assess physical activity (PA).

One hundroups deriving nearly the same benefits from the LSM regime. No significant reduction in incidence of depression was recorded among LSM partly compliant patients. This study suggests that failure to implement lifestyle changes and engage in PA are major barriers to managing depression after coronary revascularisation.

Depression and depressive traits are common among subjects undergoing coronary revascularisation, more so among CABG than PCI participants. LSM reduced the prevalence of depression and depressive traits, with fully compliant CABG versus PCI groups deriving nearly the same benefits from the LSM regime. No significant reduction in incidence of depression was recorded among LSM partly compliant patients. This study suggests that failure to implement lifestyle changes and engage in PA are major barriers to managing depression after coronary revascularisation.

South Africa is experiencing an increasing burden of cardiovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. We aimed to obtain overall national prevalence estimates of CHD and stroke in South Africa.

Studies conducted in South Africa were systematically reviewed from PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science from January 1990 to July 2017. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted on the selected studies to determine the overall prevalence of CHD and stroke.

Out of 2 466 studies, only 12 covering 75 140 participants reported the national prevalence of CHD and stroke. All 12 studies estimated the national prevalence of both diseases based on self-reported disease status. The overall national prevalence was 1.29 (95% CI = 0.83; 1.75) and 4.29 (95% CI = 3.13; 5.45) for CHD and stroke, respectively. Only one study reported incidence rates so we did not perform any meta-analysis of incidence rates.

There are very few studies on national prevalence of CHD and stroke in South Africa. Well-structured registries for CHD and stroke are required to accurately identify the disease burden and enable adequate resources to be allocated for the implementation of appropriate prevention and management programmes.

There are very few studies on national prevalence of CHD and stroke in South Africa. Well-structured registries for CHD and stroke are required to accurately identify the disease burden and enable adequate resources to be allocated for the implementation of appropriate prevention and management programmes.

To evaluate the stress distribution in endocrowns and post-and-core crowns used as abutments for a Kennedy Class I removable partial denture constructed with different framework materials.

3D models of a Kennedy Class I mandible were constructed. Cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) and polyether ether ketone (PEEK) frameworks were simulated for Models 1 and 2. An endocrown and a fiber post-and-core crown for the mandibular left and right second premolar abutments were simulated for both models, respectively. Lithium disilicate porcelain was defined for the crowns. A 200-N occlusal force was applied in the vertical and 30-degree oblique directions.

The von Mises stresses were evaluated for the abutments and prostheses, and the principal stresses for the cortical bone under vertical and oblique loadings. Endocrowns showed lower stress values than post-and-core crowns in both models. Post-and-core porcelain crowns generated the highest stress in Model 2 under vertical loading. PEEK framework caused higher stress values on abutments than Co-Cr. Compressive stresses were higher than tensile stresses in cortical bone. selleckchem The highest compressive stress was observed around the left premolar cortical bone area in Model 1 under oblique loading. Oblique loading caused lower stress values than vertical loading, except for on the minor connectors and cortical bone.

From a biomechanical perspective, endocrowns may be more advantageous than post-and-core crowns when used as abutments for a Kennedy Class I removable partial denture. In addition, Co-Cr frameworks show more favorable stress distribution on abutments than PEEK frameworks.

From a biomechanical perspective, endocrowns may be more advantageous than post-and-core crowns when used as abutments for a Kennedy Class I removable partial denture. In addition, Co-Cr frameworks show more favorable stress distribution on abutments than PEEK frameworks.

To investigate whether viewing distance influences the results of visual tooth color differentiation.

A total of 65 students underwent both theoretical and practical training by a standardized lecture on the use of an internet learning module (Toothguide Trainer, VITA Zahnfabrik) and a standardized training program (Toothguide Training Box) for visual shade-taking. Each student matched 10 randomly selected shade tabs presented at different viewing distances (arm's length distance [AL, 70 cm] and AL/2 [35cm]) under lateral, non-glare lighting at a 45-degree angle with a color differentiation lamp. The results were recorded as to what extent the presented and selected tabs of the color determination matched.

The overall median values of perceived color difference (ΔE) were 1.6 for AL/2 and 3.2 for AL, and these values were significantly different (P < .001).

Within the limitations of this study, it was shown that the viewing distance had a significant influence on the color deviation in tooth color assessment.