Moserleon7929

Deep neural networks have achieved remarkable success in various challenging tasks. However, the black-box nature of such networks is not acceptable to critical applications, such as healthcare. In particular, the existence of adversarial examples and their overgeneralization to irrelevant, out-of-distribution inputs with high confidence makes it difficult, if not impossible, to explain decisions by such networks. In this paper, we analyze the underlying mechanism of generalization of deep neural networks and propose an (n, k) consensus algorithm which is insensitive to adversarial examples and can reliably reject out-of-distribution samples. Furthermore, the consensus algorithm is able to improve classification accuracy by using multiple trained deep neural networks. To handle the complexity of deep neural networks, we cluster linear approximations of individual models and identify highly correlated clusters among different models to capture feature importance robustly, resulting in improved interpretability. Motivated by the importance of building accurate and interpretable prediction models for healthcare, our experimental results on an ICU dataset show the effectiveness of our algorithm in enhancing both the prediction accuracy and the interpretability of deep neural network models on one-year patient mortality prediction. In particular, while the proposed method maintains similar interpretability as conventional shallow models such as logistic regression, it improves the prediction accuracy significantly.

Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) is a neuropsychiatric disorder defined by motor and phonic tics. Erastin Ferroptosis activator Sensory stimuli can trigger tics, which suggests that GTS is a disorder of perception-action processing rather than a pure motor disorder.

We describe a GTS patient that developed exacerbation of tics after transcutaneous electro-myo-stimulation (YGTSS pre-EMS 27/100, post-EMS 69/100).

If behaviorally irrelevant stimuli exacerbate tics, there might be a high readiness of the motor system to respond to any stimulus in these patients. In addition to tighter binding between previously established perception-action links, the likelihood for the formation of automatic perception-action links might also be higher in GTS.

If behaviorally irrelevant stimuli exacerbate tics, there might be a high readiness of the motor system to respond to any stimulus in these patients. In addition to tighter binding between previously established perception-action links, the likelihood for the formation of automatic perception-action links might also be higher in GTS.

Palatal tremor is involuntary, rhythmic and oscillatory movement of the soft palate. Palatal tremor can be classified into three subtypes; essential, symptomatic and palatal tremor associated with progressive ataxia.

A thorough Pubmed search was conducted to look for the original articles, reviews, letters to editor, case reports, and teaching neuroimages, with the keywords "essential", "symptomatic palatal tremor", "myoclonus", "ataxia", "hypertrophic", "olivary" and "degeneration".

Essential palatal tremor is due to contraction of the tensor veli palatini muscle, supplied by the 5

cranial nerve. Symptomatic palatal tremor occurs due to the contraction of the levator veli palatini muscle, supplied by the 9%

and 10%

cranial nerves. Essential palatal tremor is idiopathic, while symptomatic palatal tremor occurs due to infarction, bleed or tumor within the Guillain-Mollaret triangle. Progressive ataxia and palatal tremor can be familial or idiopathic. Symptomatic palatal tremor and sporadic progress debilitating than palatal tremor and needs new treatment approaches.

Ataxia with oculomotor apraxia (AOA1) is characterized by early-onset progressive cerebellar ataxia with peripheral neuropathy, oculomotor apraxia and hypoalbuminemia and hypercholesterolemia.

A 23-year-old previously healthy woman presented with slowly-progressive gait impairment since the age of six years. Neurological examination revealed profound areflexia, chorea, generalized dystonia and oculomotor apraxia. Brain MRI revealed mild cerebellar atrophy and needle EMG showed axonal sensorimotor neuropathy. Whole exome sequencing revealed a mutation in the aprataxin gene.

AOA1 can present with choreoathetosis mixed with dystonic features, resembling ataxia-telangiectasia. This case is instructive since mixed and complex movement disorders is not very common in AOA1.

Ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 1 (AOA1) is characterized by early-onset ataxia and oculomotor apraxia caused by variants in the APTX gene.Ataxia is usually not the sole movement abnormality in AOA1.Hyperkinetic movement disorders, especially chorea and dystonia, may occur.Mixed and complex movement disorders is not very common in AOA1.Patients with early-onset ataxia associated with mixed movement disorders should also be investigated for AOA1.

Ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 1 (AOA1) is characterized by early-onset ataxia and oculomotor apraxia caused by variants in the APTX gene.Ataxia is usually not the sole movement abnormality in AOA1.Hyperkinetic movement disorders, especially chorea and dystonia, may occur.Mixed and complex movement disorders is not very common in AOA1.Patients with early-onset ataxia associated with mixed movement disorders should also be investigated for AOA1.

Globus pallidus internus (GPi) deep brain stimulation (DBS) is widely used in patients with isolated dystonia; however, its use remains controversial in patients with acquired dystonia and cerebral palsy.

We report the first case of a cerebral palsy patient, who failed to recover 2 years after GPi DBS; DBS was administered on both superior cerebellar peduncles (SCPs) and dentate nuclei (DNs). The monopolar stimulation results suggested that DBS was better administered via the SCPs than via the DNs. At six months follow-up, the patient exhibited a significant improvement of dystonia and spasticity, as well as in her quality of life.

SCP DBS may be a potential treatment for cerebral palsy patients with dystonia and spasticity who do not respond well to GPi DBS.

SCP DBS may be a potential treatment for cerebral palsy patients with dystonia and spasticity who do not respond well to GPi DBS.