Hermansendamsgaard3011

The world of animals, humans, and environment is interlinked, giving rise to a number of benefits as well as a spread in zoonosis and multifactorial chronic diseases. With the emergence of antimicrobial resistances and environmental pollution, addressing these diseases needs an interdisciplinary and intersectoral expertise. "One Health (OH)" refers to such collaboration between local, national, and global experts from public health, health care, forestry, veterinary, environmental, and other related disciplines to bring about optimal health for humans, animals, and environment. The concept of OH is still in embryonic stage in India and increasingly gaining importance. The Government of India has taken some initiatives to tackle burgeoning problems such as antimicrobial resistance, zoonotic diseases, and food safety using the OH approach, but there are several challenges at the level of implementation. The major bottlenecks in implementing OH include absence of a legal framework to implement OH, poor coordination among different governmental and private agencies, lack of proper surveillance of animal diseases, poor data-sharing mechanism across sectors, and limited budget. Implementing systematic zoonotic surveillance; regulated antibiotic use among humans and animals; development of a zoonotic registry in the country; constitution of a wide network of academic, research, pharmaceutical, and various implementation stakeholders from different sectors is the need of the hour to effectively use OH in order to combat increasing zoonotic diseases.Emerging zoonoses are the product of socio economic and anthropogenic environmental changes. As human societies continue to develop, pathogens from animal hosts have continued to spill over into our population However, Peri-urban ecosystems remain neglected in the country. With a subsequent increase in demand for food, there has been an expansion of formal and informal livestock-based food production sectors in these areas. The increasing close contact between animals and humans in both work and living environments creates hot spots in peri-urban areas, thereby increasing vulnerability to zoonotic disease transmission and other health hazards associated with food safety, water, and sanitation-related diseases. This paper explores the efforts made by different research bodies to reduce the prevalence of zoonotic diseases in peri-urban areas.The need for novel, minimally invasive diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomedical devices has garnered increased interest in recent years. Microneedle (MN) technology has stood out as a promising new method for drug delivery, as well as extraction of interstitial fluid (ISF). ISF comprises a large portion of the extracellular fluid in living organisms yet remains inadequately characterized for clinical applications. Current MN research has focused on the fabrication of needles with different materials like silicone, carbon, and metals. However, little effort has been put forth into improving MN holders and patches that can be used with low cost MNs, which could effectively change how MNs are attached to the human body. Here, we describe different 3D-printed MN holders, printed using an MJP Pro 2500 3D printer, and compare the ISF extraction efficiencies in CD Hairless rats. We varied design parameters that may affect the skin-holder interface, such as throat thickness, tip curvature, and throat diameter. MN arrays, with insertion depths of 1500 μm, had extraction efficiencies of 0.44 ± 0.35, 0.85 ± 0.64, 0.32 ± 0.21, or 0.44 ± 0.46 µl/min when designed with flat, concave, convex, or bevel profile geometries, respectively. Our results suggest ISF extraction is influenced by MN holder design parameters and that a concave tip design is optimal for extracting ISF from animals. The future direction of this research aims to enable a paradigm in MN design that maximizes its efficiency and engineering performance in terms of volume, pressure, and wearability, thereby automatizing usage and reducing patient intervention to ultimately benefit remote telemedicine.Background Studies from the Indian Navy have found junior sailors to have higher occupational stress than senior sailors. Positive social support can provide protection against detrimental effects of stress and facilitate in development of individual resilience. Therefore, the present study was conducted to explore the level of perceived social support among naval personnel. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted using "Interpersonal Support Evaluation List" (Cohen and Hoberman, 1983) among personnel posted on a capital ship of the Indian Navy. Odanacatib Five hundred sixty-eight sailors voluntarily participated in the study. Results Personnel living on board (in-living) were found to have significantly lower overall perceived social support score (76.14 ± 13.72) than personnel living in family accommodation (79.40 ± 14.14). In addition, in-living personnel were also found to have lower subscale scores viz "appraisal support", "self-esteem support", and "belonging support" (p 0.05). Conclusion Our study brings out that young in-living sailors lack perceived social support. These young in-living sailors, being away from their families, often feel isolated and fall prey to social media, which in turn aggravates feeling of isolation and leads to psychological distress. Therefore, it is important for these individuals to have confidence in his mess mates and belief in commanders who form their primary sources of social support. To ensure this, it is the need of the hour to revitalize the age old divisional system by introduction of concepts of "Keep Your Mates Safe", "promotion of psychological resilience", and so on.Background Assessment drives learning. Written assessment of many universities lacks uniformity and validation. Subjectivity influences assessment. Blueprinting has been used as content validity tools. Methods In this study, last 5-year's Maharashtra University of Health Sciences (MUHS) second year MBBS papers in Microbiology were evaluated for its content validity. Desired weightage to all the topics in microbiology was given by the faculty of Department of the Microbiology. University papers were also evaluated for level of cognitive domain tested. Closed ended feedback from faculty was taken and was statistically evaluated. Result Study revealed both overrepresentation and underrepresentation of many topics across all the last 5-year university papers in subject of microbiology. The cognitive dimension tested in question papers as per revised Bloom's taxonomy was merely 8% from Bloom's level 1, 20% from level 2, and 8% from level 3, whereas 64% of the questions were ambiguous. Faculty feedback revealed significant impact (P less then 0.