Littledaniels2069
To report the long-term outcomes of large diameter epiretinal lyophilized amniotic membranes (lAMs) in recurrent or persistent macular holes (MHs) with or without rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), in a prospective interventional case series.
Ten eyes of 10 patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy for MH-associated RRD (n=5) or persistent MH without RRD (n=5), in a university Hospital. A 3 or 4mm diameter disc of lAM, stained with 0.06% trypan blue, was inserted with a catheter through a sclerotomy and positioned over the MH. Gas or silicone-oil tamponade was used. At 1year, the main outcome was anatomic success defined as complete MH closure. Secondary outcomes were best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) recovery, changes in ellipsoid zone (EZ) and external limiting membrane (ELM) defects, complications. Mean follow-up was 13.8±2.9months (range, 12-18).
Mean baseline data were minimum and maximum diameters, respectively, 945±330 and 1507±717μm; axial length 26.58±3.38mm; and number of prior surgeries 1.4±0.96. At 1year, anatomic success was achieved in eight eyes (80%), and two had reduced diameter of MH. All RRDs were reattached without recurrence. Mean logMAR BCVA improved from 1.92±0.58 to 1.17±0.57 (p<0.001), with nine eyes (90%) achieving ≥0.3 logMAR improvement. Mean EZ and ELM defects decreased (p=0.004, p=0.003, respectively). Postoperative complications were RRD (n=1) reattached by subsequent surgery, lAM slightly retracted under silicone (n=1), foveal atrophy after early lAM displacement (n=1).
A 1-year follow-up highlighted that epiretinal large discs of blue-stained lAM can help safely close refractory MHs, and provide satisfactory visual recovery.
A 1-year follow-up highlighted that epiretinal large discs of blue-stained lAM can help safely close refractory MHs, and provide satisfactory visual recovery.In Brazil, there is a large diversity of species of small edible fruits that are considered sources of nutrients and functional properties. They present a high innovation domain for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries due to their health-promoting properties. Edible fruits from Brosimum gaudichaudii (Moraceae) are widely consumed and used in folk medicine and in feed by the population of the Brazilian Cerrado. Nevertheless, detailed information on the chemical fingerprint, antiradical activity and safety aspects of these fruits is still unknown. Thus, the aim of this work was to investigate the bioactive compounds of hydroethanolic extracts of fruits from Brosimum gaudichaudii using high-performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry using electrospray ionization (HPLC ESI-MS). Eighteen different compounds, including flavonoids, coumarins, arylbenzofurans, terpenoids, stilbenes, xanthones and esters, were detected. Moreover, the study indicated that the hydroethanolic extract of fruits from B. read more gaudichaudii presented low scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals (IC50 >800 μg mL-1 ) and was cytotoxic (IC50 less then 30 μg mL-1 ) in Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-K1) by an in vitro assay. This is the first report of the chemical profile, antioxidant activity and cytotoxic properties of the hydroethanolic extract of fruits from B. gaudichaudii.
Compared to non-Hispanic Whites, Japanese Americans, Native Hawaiians, and African Americans have higher incidences of pancreatic cancer (PCa) that are not entirely explained by rates of obesity but may be explained by weight changes throughout adulthood.
The multiethnic cohort is a population-based prospective cohort study that has followed 155,308 participants since its establishment between 1993 and 1996. A total of 1,328 incident cases with invasive PCa were identified through 2015. We conducted separate multivariable Cox proportional hazards models for self-reported weight-change and BMI-change (age 21 to cohort entry) to determine the association with PCa risk, adjusting for potential confounders including weight or BMI at age 21.
The mean age at cohort entry was 59.3years (SD 8.9). An increased risk of PCa was associated with 1) weight (HR per10lbs=1.06; 95% CI=1.03-1.09) or BMI (HR per kg/m
=1.04; 95% CI=1.02-1.05) at age 21; and 2) weight (HR per 10lbs=1.03; 95% CI=1.01-1.05) or BMI (HR=1.02; 95% CI=1.00-1.03) at cohort entry. We found increased risk of PCa between weight (HR per 10lbs=1.03; 95% CI=1.01-1.05) and BMI (HR per 5kg/m
=1.08; 95% CI=1.01-1.15) change from age 21 to baseline. There were significant interactions between race/ethnicity and weight (p=0.008) or BMI (p=0.03) at baseline, and weight (p=0.02) or BMI (p=0.02) change. Weight and BMI change through adulthood significantly increased the risk of PCa for Japanese Americans and Latinos, but not for African American, White, or Hawaiian participants.
Our findings indicate that weight or BMI gain has a significant and independent impact on PCa risk, specifically among Latinos and Japanese Americans.
Our findings indicate that weight or BMI gain has a significant and independent impact on PCa risk, specifically among Latinos and Japanese Americans.Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of death from lower respiratory tract infection in infants and children, and is responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality in older adults. Vaccines for pregnant women and elderly which are in phase III clinical studies target people with pre-existing natural immunity against RSV. To investigate the background immunity which will be impacted by vaccination, we single cell-sorted human memory B cells and dissected functional and genetic features of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) induced by natural infection. Most nAbs recognized both the prefusion and postfusion conformations of the RSV F-protein (cross-binders) while a smaller fraction bound exclusively to the prefusion conformation. Cross-binder nAbs used a wide array of gene rearrangements, while preF-binder nAbs derived mostly from the expansion of B-cell clonotypes from the IGHV1 germline. This latter class of nAbs recognizes an epitope located between Site Ø, Site II, and Site V on the F-protein, identifying an important site of pathogen vulnerability.
