Hyldgaardsonne2730

Outcomes in elderly patients (≥75years) with non-advanced colorectal cancer have improved. It is unclear whether this is also true for elderly patients with clinical T4 rectal cancer (cT4RC) or locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC). We aimed to compare age-related differences in morbidity and mortality after curative treatment for cT4RC and LRRC.

All cT4RC and LRRC patients without distant metastasis who underwent curative surgery between 2005 and 2017 in the Catharina Hospital (Eindhoven, The Netherlands) were included. Morbidity and mortality were evaluated based on age (<75 and ≥75years) and date of surgery (2005-2011 and 2012-2017).

Overall, 72 of 474 (15.2%) cT4RC and 53 of 293 (18.1%) LRRC patients were ≥75years. Nosignificantdifferences in the incidence of Clavien-Dindo I-IV complications were observed between age groups. However, in elderly cT4RC patients, cerebrovascular accidents occurred more frequently (4.2% vs. 0.5%, P=0.03). Between 2005-2011 and 2012-2017, 30-day mortality improved from 7.5% to 3.1% and from 10.0% to 0.0% in elderly cT4RC and LRRC patients, respectively. The 1-year mortality during 2012-2017 was worse in elderly than in younger patients (28.1% vs. 6.2%, P=0.001 for cT4RC and 27.3% vs. 13.8%, P=0.06 for LRRC). In elderly cT4RC and LRRC patients, 44.4% and 46.2% died due to non-cancer-related causes, while only 27.8% and 23.1% died due to disease recurrence, respectively.

Although the 30-day mortality in elderly cT4RC and LRRC patients improved after curative treatment, the 1-year mortality in elderly patients continued to be high, which requires more awareness for the elderly after hospitalization.

Although the 30-day mortality in elderly cT4RC and LRRC patients improved after curative treatment, the 1-year mortality in elderly patients continued to be high, which requires more awareness for the elderly after hospitalization.

Recently a novel cryoballoon system (POLARx, Boston Scientific) became available for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. This cryoballoon is comparable with Arctic Front Advance Pro (AFA-Pro, Medtronic), however, it maintains a constant balloon pressure. We compared the procedural efficacy and biophysical characteristics of both systems.

One hundred and ten consecutive patients who underwent first-time cryoballoon ablation (POLARx n = 57; AFA-Pro n = 53) were included in this prospective cohort study.

Acute isolation was achieved in 99.8% of all pulmonary veins (POLARx 99.5% vs. AFA-Pro 100%, p = 1.00). Total procedure time (81 vs. 67 min, p < .001) and balloon in body time (51 vs. 35 min, p < .001) were longer with POLARx. After a learning curve, these times were similar. Cryoablation with POLARx was associated with shorter time to balloon temperature -30°C (27 vs. 31 s, p < .001) and -40°C (32 vs. 54 s, p < .001), lower balloon nadir temperature (-55°C vs. -47°C, p < .001), and longer thawing time till 0°C (16 vs. 9 s, p < .001). There were no differences in time-to-isolation (TTI; POLARx 45 s vs. AFA-Pro 43 s, p = .441), however, POLARx was associated with a lower balloon temperature at TTI (-46°C vs. -37°C, p < .001). Factors associated with acute isolation differed between groups. The incidence of phrenic nerve palsy was comparable (POLARx 3.5% vs. selleck AFA-Pro 3.7%).

The novel cryoballoon is comparable to AFA-Pro and requires only a short learning curve to get used to the slightly different handling. It was associated with faster cooling rates and lower balloon temperatures but TTI was similar to AFA-Pro.

The novel cryoballoon is comparable to AFA-Pro and requires only a short learning curve to get used to the slightly different handling. It was associated with faster cooling rates and lower balloon temperatures but TTI was similar to AFA-Pro.Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is an economically important multi-purpose crop cultivated globally for fibre, seed oil and protein. Cottonseed oil also is naturally rich in vitamin E components (collectively known as tocochromanols), with α- and γ-tocopherols comprising nearly all of the vitamin E components. By contrast, cottonseeds have little or no tocotrienols, tocochromanols with a wide range of health benefits. Here, we generated transgenic cotton lines expressing the barley (Hordeum vulgare) homogentisate geranylgeranyl transferase coding sequence under the control of the Brassica napus seed-specific promoter, napin. Transgenic cottonseeds had ~twofold to threefold increases in the accumulation of total vitamin E (tocopherols + tocotrienols), with more than 60% γ-tocotrienol. Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry imaging showed that γ-tocotrienol was localized throughout the transgenic embryos. In contrast, the native tocopherols were distributed unequally in both transgenic and non-transgenic embryos. α- Tocopherol was restricted mostly to cotyledon tissues and γ-tocopherol was more enriched in the embryonic axis tissues. Production of tocotrienols in cotton embryos had no negative impact on plant performance or yield of other important seed constituents including fibre, oil and protein. Advanced generations of two transgenic events were field grown, and extracts of transgenic seeds showed increased antioxidant activity relative to extracts from non-transgenic seeds. Furthermore, refined cottonseed oil from the two transgenic events showed 30% improvement in oxidative stability relative to the non-transgenic cottonseed oil. Taken together, these materials may provide new opportunities for cottonseed co-products with enhanced vitamin E profile for improved shelf life and nutrition.Females generally attend more to social information than males; however, little is known about the early development of these sex differences. With eye tracking, 2-month olds' (N = 101; 44 females) social orienting to faces was measured within four-item image arrays. Infants were more likely to detect human faces compared to objects, suggesting a functional face detection system. Unexpectedly, males looked longer at human faces than females, and only males looked faster and longer at human faces compared to objects. Females, in contrast, looked less at human faces relative to animal faces and objects, appearing socially disinterested. Notably, this is the first report of a male face detection advantage at any age. These findings suggest a unique stage in early infant social development.