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blood of the active TB, LTBI, and healthy control groups. Furthermore, this study needs to investigate a larger number of clinical specimens later to develop biomarkers according to the state of infection with MTB such as LTBI and active TB, as well as after treatment.

Sarcopenia is relatively common in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Thicknesses of the quadriceps muscle and fat are easily measured by ultrasound (US) and are known to be related to skeletal muscle mass and fat mass, respectively.

Eighty-four patients enrolled in the prospective correlation research of sarcopenia, skeletal muscle, and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis study (UMIN000023744) underwent US examinations of anterior thigh muscle thickness (MT) and fat thickness (FT). Muscle and body fat (BF) mass were also examined by a body composition analyzer. Whether MT and FT were related to sarcopenia and obesity was examined.

MT was significantly lower in RA patients with sarcopenia than in those without (23.8 vs 28.2mm, P=0.001). MT was related to sarcopenia (men r=0.56, P=0.02, women r=0.32, P=0.01). The cut-off value of MT for sarcopenia was 24.7mm in men and 19.7mm in women on receiver operating characteristic curve analyses. FT was correlated with BF percentage (%BF; men r=0.66, P<0.01, women r=0.62, P<0.001), which was estimated by 2.04xFT+8.53 in men and 1.2xFT+17.42 in women by a simple linear regression model. This means that FT≥8.1mm in men and FT≥14.6mm in women indicated obesity.

US examination of the anterior thigh was useful to detect sarcopenia and obesity in RA patients.

US examination of the anterior thigh was useful to detect sarcopenia and obesity in RA patients.

Sarcopenia is the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function that occurs with aging that can lead to greater morbidity and mortality. Chronic kidney disease and hemodialysis (HD) favors the development of sarcopenia. We studied the prevalence of sarcopenia and its components using European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Elderly People 2 proposed criteria and risk factors for its development in HD patients.

In 100 adult HD patients, we evaluated hand grip strength (HGS), muscle mass by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and physical performance (gait-speed and sit-stand test).

Sixty patients were male and 40 were female; mean age 55.6 years. Prevalence of sarcopenia was 16% (11.1% in males and 25% in females; P=0.05); 7% had severe sarcopenia. Prevalence of low HGS was 33% in males and 28% in females; low muscle mass was 30% in males but 70% in females and low physical performance 23% in males and 45% in females. Falls were reported by 23 patients. Patients with lower HGS had a higher prevalence of falls in the last year (40% two or more falls; P=0.03). Only females with sarcopenia had lower bone mineral content. Neither age, body mass index, time on dialysis, or prevalence of diabetes predicted sarcopenia.

A significant proportion of dialysis patients had sarcopenia, more frequent in females. Low HGS was associated with a higher prevalence of falls. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/SNS-032.html Only females with sarcopenia had lower bone mineral content.

A significant proportion of dialysis patients had sarcopenia, more frequent in females. Low HGS was associated with a higher prevalence of falls. Only females with sarcopenia had lower bone mineral content.

To assess the prevalence of probable sarcopenia according to 3 different definitions ("strength, assistance with walking, rise from a chair, climb stairs, falls"- SARC-F score, low grip strength, and the guidelines indicated by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 - EWGSOP2) and assess the association of probable sarcopenia with functional disability and falls among community-dwelling older adults.

Cross-sectional study with 419 older adults. Probable sarcopenia was assessed by 3 definitions a SARC-F ≥ 4, low grip strength (< 27kg for men and < 16kg for women), and the EWGSOP2 criteria. Associations were investigated using Pearson's chi-square test and prevalence ratios were estimated by Poisson regression (P<0.05).

Of the total, probable sarcopenia was identified in 23.0% of participants (SARC-F≥4 score), 33.7% (low grip strength), and 10.4% (EWGSOP2) according to each different definition. In adjusted regression models, having at least 1 instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) disability and having fallen in the last 12 months were significantly associated with a SARC-F≥4 (prevalence ratio, PR=1.60; and PR=2.50, respectively) and EWGSOP2 (PR=1.78; and PR=2.19, respectively).

IADL disability and falls were associated with a SARC-F≥4 and the EWGSOP2 criteria (SARC-F≥4 and low grip strength). Probable sarcopenia may be used in clinical practice in order to facilitate the diagnosis of definite sarcopenia and to implement early interventions that could prevent functional decline and falls in older people.

IADL disability and falls were associated with a SARC-F ≥ 4 and the EWGSOP2 criteria (SARC-F ≥ 4 and low grip strength). Probable sarcopenia may be used in clinical practice in order to facilitate the diagnosis of definite sarcopenia and to implement early interventions that could prevent functional decline and falls in older people.

Fragility hip fractures present not only as a significant cause of morbidity and mortality to the elderly population but also as an important source of financial burden due to staggering costs for treatment. This study is designed to determine the effects of timing of hospitalization to the treatment costs of patients with acute fragility hip fractures.

In this retrospective cohort study, the patient database of the University of the Philippines Manila-Philippine General Hospital Orthogeriatric Multidisciplinary Fracture Management Model and Fracture Liaison Service was reviewed to investigate the effects of timing of hospitalization to the treatment cost of patients with acute fragility hip fractures admitted in a tertiary government hospital. The economic burden of this group of patients was also computed.

A total of 118 patients were enrolled in the study with 54 patients in the early hospitalization (EH) group (≤ 3 days from injury) and 64 in the delayed hospitalization (DH) group (4-28 days). Median treatment cost is less among the EH group than those who were in the DH group (P=0.