Clausenbrandt2472

Several minimally invasive surgical procedures have been recently developed to treat hemorrhoids without any excision. About 25 years ago, a non-excisional procedure providing doppler-guided ligation of the hemorrhoidal arteries has been proposed - named "hemorrhoidal dearterialization". The original technique has been modified over the years, and indications were expanded. In particular, a plication of the redundant and prolapsing mucosa/submucosa of the rectum (named "mucopexy") has been introduced to treat hemorrhoidal prolapse, without excision of the hemorrhoidal piles. At present, the THD® Doppler procedure is one of the most used techniques to treat hemorrhoids. Aim of this technique is to realize a target dearterialization, using a Doppler probe with the final purpose to reduce the arterial overflow to the hemorrhoidal piles. In case of associated hemorrhoidal prolapse, a mucopexy is performed together with Doppler-guided dearterialization. The entity and circumferential extension of the hemorrhoidal prolapse guides the mucopexy, which can be considered tailored to a single patient; the dearterialization should be considered mandatory. Advantages of this surgical technique are the absence of serious and life-threatening postoperative events, chronic complications, and limited recurrence risks. The impact of the procedure on the anorectal physiology is negligible. However, a careful postoperative management is mandatory to avoid complications and to guarantee an improved long-term outcome. Therefore, regular physiologic bowel movements, excessive strain at the defecation and strong physical activity are advisable. GW 1516 Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.1. INTRODUCTION Hemorrhoids are vascular cushions underlying the distal rectal mucosa and contributing for approximately 15-20% of the resting anal pressure with a complete closure of the anal canal. They can become pathological (hemorrhoidal disease, HD) being the most common cause of painless rectal bleeding during defecation with or without prolapsing anal tissue1 . In this case the blood is bright red, not mixed with faeces but instead coated on their outer surface, or dropping after bowel movement. HD is generally classified by its location in internal (originated above the dentate line and covered by anal mucosa) and external (originated below the dentate line and covered by anoderm). Internal hemorrhoids are commonly graded based on the degree of prolapse, according to Goligher's classification2 . Its treatment must be tailored both to the severity of disease and patient's expectation conservative treatment, including dietary and lifestyle modifications, is effective in managing the majority of patientriod can also be beneficial. Very few randomized controlled trials have been carried out and up to date we cannot know the real validity of these drugs27 . Moreover, in many trials funding by the pharmaceutical industry can bias results and this leaves doubts about the real benefit of all types of drugs in the treatment of early stages of HD. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.BACKGROUND Life style and jobs in current situations generate increased free radicals such as hydroxyl (OH•) and superoxide (O2•) radicals, thereby increasing stress in humans. Interest in search of antioxidants that trap these free radicals has increased to relieve stress. β-carotene (provitamin A), ascorbic acid (vitamin C), tocopherol or vitamin E, Trolox; butyl hydroxy toluene and phenolic compounds are the well-known antioxidants. Several methods evaluate the antioxidant property existing in natural substances (medicinal plants and agri-food products) and synthetic compounds (2-methyl-3- (pyrrolidin-2-ylideneamino) quinazolin-4 (3H) -one and 3,3'- (1,4- phenylenebis (methanylylidene)) bis (azanylylidene) (2- methyl-quinazolin-4 (3H) -one). OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to focus on complexes with p-hydroxycinnamic acids to trap free radicals in greener way. METHOD Spectroscopic shifts and structural studies were employed to attribute electronic properties responsible for antioxidant profile. Spectroscopic shifts in wavenumbers were attributed with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra (FTIR) and Fourier Transform Raman spectra (FT Raman Spectra). Structural studies were performed with Gaussian package, electron density method the B3LYP method, basis set 6-31(d) for attributing electronic properties responsible for antioxidant profile. RESULT Interpretation of FTIR spectra revealed spectroscopic shifts in wavenumbers in all the complexes responsible for bonding. Further, studies confirmed formation of complex with reduced intensities in Raman spectra. Computational studies revealed enhancement in molecular and electronic properties responsible for antioxidant power. CONCLUSION Studies revealed that complex with p-nitroaniline contribute to greater acceptor and donor power responsible for antioxidant power. These higher powers suggest the best antiradicals to trap free radicals. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.BACKGROUND Chagas disease, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi represents a worldwide epidemiological, economic, and social problem. In the last decades, the trans-sialidase enzyme of Trypanosoma cruzi has been considered an attractive target for the development of new agents with potential trypanocidal activity. OBJECTIVE In this work, the aim was find new potential non-sugar trans-sialidase inhibitors using benzoic acid as a scaffold. METHOD A structure-based virtual screening of the ZINC15 database was carried out. Additionally, the enzyme and trypanocidal activity of the selected compounds was determined. RESULTS The results of this work detected 487 compounds derived from benzoic acid as potential trans-sialidase inhibitors with a more promising binding energy value ( less then -7.7 kcal/mol) than the known inhibitor 2,3-dehydro-2-deoxy-N-acetylneuraminic acid (DANA). In particular, two lead compounds, V1 and V2 turned out to be promising trans-sialidase inhibitors. Even though the trypanocidal activity displayed was low, these compounds showed trans-sialidase inhibition values of 87.