Raynorreid0428

volcanic lake sediments but also provide basic information for the future application of FeRB in environmental bioremediation.

These results not only help us to better understand the iron mineralization of FeRB in the volcanic lake sediments but also provide basic information for the future application of FeRB in environmental bioremediation.

Magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) is an innovative antireflux procedure that can improve lower esophageal sphincter (LES) competency and reduce symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Some patients report postoperative dysphagia. To date, no studies have described reference high-resolution manometry (HRM) values after MSA implantation.

High-resolution manometry was performed in patients free of dysphagia after MSA with or without concurrent crura repair. Reference values for all parameters of the Chicago Classification were defined as those between the 5th and 95th percentiles. The contribution of concurrent crura repair to LES competency and to reference values was also analyzed.

Eighty-four patients met the study inclusion criteria. The upper limit of normality for integrated relaxation pressure (IRP) and intrabolus pressure (IBP) was 20.2mmHg and 30.3mmHg, respectively. Both variables were higher after MSA compared to normative Chicago Classification v3.0 values. The Distal Contractile Integral upper limit was in the range of normality. Patients undergoing crura repair had a significantly higher IRP (p=0.0378) and lower GERDQ-A scores (p=0.0374) and Reflux Symptom Index (p=0.0030) compared to those who underwent MSA device implantation alone.

This study provides HRM reference values for patients undergoing successful MSA implantation. Crural repair appears to be a key component of LES augmentation and is associated with improved clinical outcomes.

This study provides HRM reference values for patients undergoing successful MSA implantation. Crural repair appears to be a key component of LES augmentation and is associated with improved clinical outcomes.

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) may be pro-arrhythmic in patients with non-left bundle branch block (non-LBBB). We hypothesized that combined assessment of risk factors (RF) for ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VTAs) can be used to stratify non-LBBB patients for CRT implantation.

The study comprised 412 non-LBBB patients from MADIT-CRT randomized to CRT-D (n=215) versus ICD only (n=197). Best-subset regression analysis was performed to identify RF associated with increased VTA risk in CRT-D patients without LBBB. The primary end point was first occurrence of sustained VTA during follow-up. Secondary end points included VTA/death and appropriate shock.

Four RFs were associated with increased VTA risk blood urea nitrogen >25mg/dl, ejection fraction <20%, prior nonsustained VT, and female gender. Among CRT-D patients, 114 (53%) had no RF, while 101 (47%) had ≥1 RF. The 4-year cumulative probability of VTA was higher among those with ≥1 RF compared with those without RF (40% vs. 14%, p<.001). Multivariate analysis showed that in patients without RF, treatment with CRT-D was associated with a 61% reduction in VTA compared with ICD-only therapy (p=.002), whereas among patients with ≥1 RF, treatment with CRT-D was associated with a corresponding 73% (p=.025) risk increase. Consistent results were observed when the secondary end points of VTA/death and appropriate ICD shocks were assessed.

Combined assessment of factors associated with increased risk for VTA can be used for improved selection of non-LBBB patients for CRT-D.

Combined assessment of factors associated with increased risk for VTA can be used for improved selection of non-LBBB patients for CRT-D.Invasive mosquitoes are expanding their ranges into new geographic areas and interacting with resident mosquito species. Understanding how novel interactions can affect mosquito population dynamics is necessary to predict transmission risk at invasion fronts. Mosquito life-history traits are extremely sensitive to temperature, and this can lead to temperature-dependent competition between competing invasive mosquito species. We explored temperature-dependent competition between Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi, two invasive mosquito species whose distributions overlap in India, the Middle East, and North Africa, where An. stephensi is currently expanding into the endemic range of Ae. aegypti. We followed mosquito cohorts raised at different intraspecific and interspecific densities across five temperatures (16-32°C) to measure traits relevant for population growth and to estimate species' per capita growth rates. We then used these growth rates to derive each species' competitive ability at each temperature. We find strong evidence for asymmetric competition at all temperatures, with Ae. aegypti emerging as the dominant competitor. This was primarily because of differences in larval survival and development times across all temperatures that resulted in a higher estimated intrinsic growth rate and competitive tolerance estimate for Ae. aegypti compared to An. stephensi. The spread of An. CH6953755 in vitro stephensi into the African continent could lead to urban transmission of malaria, an otherwise rural disease, increasing the human population at risk and complicating malaria elimination efforts. Competition has resulted in habitat segregation of other invasive mosquito species, and our results suggest that it may play a role in determining the distribution of An. stephensi across its invasive range.

Contractile segment impedance (CSI) obtained from high-resolution impedance manometry (HRIM) is a measure of mucosal integrity that predicts gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). While straight leg raise (SLR) maneuver augments esophageal peristaltic vigor, it remains unclear whether SLR affects CSI values. This study was aimed to evaluate whether CSI with SLR is feasible and useful to complement the diagnosis of GERD.

We prospectively recruited 48 patients with typical GERD symptoms who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy, HRIM with SLR maneuver, and multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH (MII-pH) testing. The capability of mean nocturnal baseline impedance (MNBI), resting baseline impedance (RBI), CSI with or without SLR maneuver in predicting GERD was assessed using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis.

Among 20 GERD patients and 28 non-GERD patients, all values of impedance-based metrics were lower in GERD patients compared to non-GERD patients (p<0.001). For GERD identification, area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) values of CSI with SLR maneuver, CSI, MNBI, and RBI were 0.