Myersgraversen0419

The period relative risk and cohort relative risk of maternal mortality both showed a monotonous decreasing trend. Conclusion From 1992 to 2017, the maternal mortality rate in China generally shows a downward trend, and the risk of maternal mortality has significant age, period and cohort effects.Objective To analyze the level of the knowledge and related factors of cancer prevention and treatment among residents of Beijing in 2020. Methods From April 14 to 21,a total of 11 721 residents were recruited in the study by using anonymous network sampling method. A WeChat online electronic questionnaires was conducted to collect basic demographic characteristics and the knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment. The Chi-square test was used to compare the difference of the level of the cancer prevention and treatment knowledge among different groups. A multivariate linear regression model was used to analyze the related factors. Results Among the subjects, 72.9% (8 542) were male and 93.7% (10 983) were urban residents. The total number of questions answered by the subjects was 117 210 of which 89 093 were known, and the overall awareness rate among the residents was 76.0%. The female, aural residents, with junior college education, and worked in government institutions had a good performance of the knowledge (P less then 0.05), about 83.4%, 79.7%, 82.3% and 82.0% respectively. Ibrutinib The results of multivariate linear regression model showed that female[β=0.798(95%CI0.702,0.894)] and junior college education[β=3.271(95%CI2.993,3.609)] could know more questions compared to male and primary school education (P less then 0.05); compared with working in the government institutions, agricultural laborer[β=-0.911(95%CI-1.057,-0.766)], retired personnel[β=-2.273(95%CI-2.532,-2.014)], school students[β=-0.629(95%CI-0.796,-0.462)] and other occupation people[β=-0.376(95%CI-0.634,-0.119)] could know fewer questions (P less then 0.05). Conclusion The level of the cancer prevention and treatment knowledge among residents in Beijing was relatively high. Gender, education level and occupation were relevant factors.Objective To explore the relationship between exposure to famine in early life and the risk of hypertension in adulthood. Methods The medical data of Yichang Health Management Big Data Center from 2018 to 2019 were analyzed. A retrospective cohort study design was adopted, with hypertension as the study outcome, and different life periods exposed to the Great Famine in China were divided into groups. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between famine exposure in early life and hypertension in adulthood. At the same time, the interaction between gender and famine exposure was analyzed. Results The age of 142 016 subjects was (60. 56±4.43). Among them, men accounted for 46.36% (65 845/142 016) and women accounted for 53.64% (76 171/142 016). There are 42 575(29.98%), 19 644(13.83%), 28 405(20.00%), 28 305(19.93%), 23 087 (19.93%) in non-famine exposure group, fetal famine exposure group, early childhood famine exposure group and late childhood famine exposure group, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension was 17.57% (24 947 cases). Multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that after adjusting for related confounding factors, compared with non-famine exposure group, the risk of hypertension in fetal, early childhood, middle childhood and late childhood famine exposure group was higher and the OR (95%CI) values were 1.16 (1.11-1.22), 1.27 (1.21-1.33), 1.54 (1.47-1.60) and 1.84 (1.76-1.92), respectively. There was an interaction between sex and famine exposure group (P less then 0.001). The above association is stronger among women than among men. Conclusion Famine exposure in early life may increase the risk of hypertension in adulthood, and the risk of women is greater than that of men.Objective Investigate and analyze the etiology and serological diagnosis capabilities of pertussis in medical institutions in Shandong Province in 2018. Methods Using the census method, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 603 second and above level medical institutions in Shandong Province. The deadline for the survey was December 2018, and a total of 543 questionnaires have been recovered, and the validity rate of the questionnaires was 90%. Surveyed the pertussis etiology and serology test items (pertussis IgM and IgG, pertussis nucleic acid and pertussis bacterial culture) and the start time of each test item by questionnaire. The reported cases (confirmed cases and clinically diagnosed cases) between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2018 were derived from the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System according to the onset date. We used indicators such as fixed-base development speed, chain development speed, and chain growth speed for analysis. The chi test was used to analyze the ion and nucleic acid detection capabilities [6.42% (12/187)] was significantly higher than that of secondary medical institutions [2.25% (8/356)] (χ²=6.01, P=0.014). From 2012 to 2018, the fixed base ratio development speed of reported cases was 3 834.69% in Shandong Province, among which medical institutions with etiology and serological testing capabilities reached 4 533.33%. In 13 medical institutions, the average annual number of reported cases after pertussis etiology and serological testing were higher than that of reported cases before testing. Conclusion The ability of pertussis etiology and serology diagnosis of secondary and above medical institutions in Shandong Province needs to be improved.Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA detection is the key link for the precise epidemic prevention and control, and the urban detection bases have been proved to be achieved great successes in increasing the regional nucleic acid detection ability and efficiency. This expert advice contains ten aspects environment and facilities management, personnel management and training, equipment management, materials management, quality management, bio-safety management, medical waste management, information system management, result report, supervision and continuous improvement. This manual aims to provide standards and suggestions for the SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection base management for ensuring the standardized, safe and orderly operation of the base to complete large-scale nucleic acid screening with high efficiency and quality. It also could be used by other SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection laboratory as reference.