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Peri-prosthetic bone adaptation has usually been predicted using subject-specific finite element analysis in combination with remodelling algorithms and assuming isotropic bone material property. The objective of the study is to develop an orthotropic bone remodelling algorithm for evaluation of peri-prosthetic bone adaptation in the uncemented implanted femur. The simulations considered loading conditions from a variety of daily activities. The orthotropic algorithm was tested on 2D and 3D models of the intact femur for verification of predicted results. The predicted orthotropic directionality, based on principal stress directions, was in agreement with the trabecular orientation in a micro-CT data of proximal femur. The validity of the proposed strain-based algorithm was assessed by comparing the predicted results of the orthotropic model with those of the strain-energy-density-based isotropic formulation. Despite agreement in cortical densities [Formula see text], the isotropic remodelling algorithm tends to predict relatively higher values around the distal tip of the implant as compared to the orthotropic model. Both formulations predicted 4-8% bone resorption in the proximal femur. A linear regression analysis revealed a significant correlation [Formula see text] between the stresses and strains on the cortex of the proximal femur, predicted by the isotropic and orthotropic formulations. Despite reasonable agreement in peri-prosthetic bone density distributions, the quantitative differences with isotropic model predictions highlight the combined influences of bone orthotropy and mechanical stimulus in the adaptation process.

Orthognathic surgery is widely used in treating functional and skeletal problems. Any surgical procedure could cause side effects.

This study aimed to evaluate the potential changes in orthognathic surgery on the hearing function of patients.

Thirty-one orthognathic surgery candidates were recruited in this study. Patients underwent either single or double jaw surgery. Pure tone audiometry (PTA), tympanometry, and Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Test (ETFT) were performed postoperatively at 24 h, 6 weeks, and 6 months after surgery. Patients were tabulated based on the type of maxilla and mandibular surgical movements (vertical and horizontal).

PTA evaluation, based on horizontal or vertical movements, did not show significant differences, although vertical movements resulted in less change in hearing threshold. In other words, no significant changes occurred in patients' hearing threshold after surgery. No significant difference was also observed between horizontal and vertical movements in the results of tympanometry. Negative changes were found in the results of ETFT in vertical movements, which returned to pre-surgery values in the final test.

The risk of minor changes in hearing function is probable during the first week after orthognathic surgery, but these negative changes will either totally fade or remain negligible. Patients gave informed consent preoperatively, and reassurance postoperatively is prudent.

The risk of minor changes in hearing function is probable during the first week after orthognathic surgery, but these negative changes will either totally fade or remain negligible. Patients gave informed consent preoperatively, and reassurance postoperatively is prudent.

To minimize alveolar bone resorption, alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) has been proposed. Recently, interest in improving the feasibility of implant placement has gradually increased, especially in situations of infection such as periodontal and/or endodontic lesions. The aim of this study was to investigate if ARP improves feasibility of implant placement compared with no ARP in periodontally compromised sites. Secondary endpoints were the necessity of bone graft at the time of implant placement and implant failure before loading at ARP compared with no ARP.

This retrospective study was performed using dental records and radiographs obtained from patients who underwent tooth extraction due to chronic periodontal pathology. Outcomes including the feasibility of implant placement, horizontal bone augmentation, vertical bone augmentation, sinus floor elevation, total bone augmentation at the time of implant placement, and implant failure before loading were investigated. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the influence of multiple variables on the clinical outcomes.

In total, 418 extraction sites (171 without ARP and 247 with ARP) in 287 patients were included in this study. The ARP group (0.8%) shows significantly lower implant placement infeasibility than the no ARP group (4.7%). Horizontal and vertical bone augmentations were significantly influenced by location and no ARP. Total bone augmentation was significantly influenced by sex, location, and no ARP.

ARP in periodontally compromised sites may improve the feasibility of implant placement. In addition, ARP attenuate the severity of the bone augmentation procedure.

ARP in periodontally compromised sites may improve the feasibility of implant placement. In addition, ARP attenuate the severity of the bone augmentation procedure.

Ascites can cause compression of the inferior vena cava (IVC), leading to increased renal venous pressure and renal congestion. Filanesib manufacturer Previously, the left renal vein diameter in liver cirrhosis patients with ascites was measured using computed tomography, showing that enlargement of the left renal vein diameter affects the prognosis. Herein, the diameter and flow velocity of the renal veins were measured using ultrasonography.

Abdominal ultrasonography was performed on 186 patients. The patients were divided into four groups normal liver (n = 102), liver cirrhosis (LC) without ascites (n = 37), LC with ascites (n = 30), and congestive liver (n = 17). Ultrasonographic measurements for diameter and flow velocity of the IVC, left renal vein main trunk, and segmental renal vein were performed.

The left renal vein diameter increased in the following order normal liver, LC, LC with ascites, and congestive liver groups (P < 0.001). IVC flow velocity was lower and left renal vein diameter was larger in the congestive liver and LC with ascites groups.

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