Washingtonseerup0775

Novel human neurodevelopmental models including iPSC and cerebral organoid systems may provide further insight into human-specific features of neurodevelopment and diseases. © 2020 British Neuropathological Society.AIMS To report a synthesis of the empirical studies that used the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R) to assess bullying among nurses based on evaluation of the psychometric properties and use and usability of the instrument and identification of the variables associated with bullying. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES Four databases were used in the literature search PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Scopus. The search was limited to original publications describing results of empirical studies written in English or Polish and published in peer-reviewed journals between 2002 and 2018. REVIEW METHODS Two reviewers independently assessed eligibility, extracted data and conducted quality assessment. Based on the extracted data, three separate meta-analyses were conducted. RESULTS Thirty-one articles were included in the review, 13 of which were selected for meta-analysis. In studies where participants reported bullying (N = 19), its prevalence ranged from 17-94%. Variables most often an Wiley & Sons Ltd.The rate of symptom accumulation distinguishes between slowly and rapidly progressing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Given that a patient's genetics can affect the rate of disease progression, identification of genetic variants associated with rapid disease progression should provide valuable information for timely prognosis and development of optimal treatment plans. We hypothesized that the polymorphism rs2821557 in the human KCNA3 gene encoding a voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 might be one of these genetic variants, given the role of Kv1.3 in neuroinflammation, as well as the location and gain-of-function effect of this polymorphism. To test this hypothesis we performed an analytic study exploring the relationships between rs2821557 polymorphism and disease progression in a cohort of MS patients. The rs2821557 genotype and the rate of disease progression based on Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (MSSS) were determined for 101 patients (68 females and 33 males). Peripheral blood CD4+ lymphocyte subpopulations (Tnaive , TCM , TEM ) and the expression of chemokine receptors (CXCR5, CXCR3, CCR6, CCR4) were estimated by flow cytometry. The comparisons between groups by genotype (TT, TC, CC) and allelic approach analysis (T vs. C) revealed a significantly higher incidence of the rapid disease course (MSSS ≥ 7.5) among minor C allele carriers (CC and TC) compared to patients with the TT genotype. Furthermore, C allele carriers had higher counts of CXCR3+ TEM cells than homozygous T allele carriers. In conclusion, accelerated MS progression in C allele carriers is likely linked to enhanced Kv1.3-mediated accumulation of pathogenic CXCR3+ TEM cells and exacerbated neuroinflammation. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.AIMS The aim of this study was to investigate the lived experiences of male nurses in today's healthcare environment to understand the persistently low numbers of men in nursing. DESIGN This study used interpretive description methodology, which aligns with nursing's approach to knowledge discovery by acknowledging the evolution and complexity of shared and individual experiences. METHODS Participants, (N = 11), were recruited through the American Association for Men in Nursing using purposive sampling. Focused interviews were conducted between May 2018 - June 2018. Interviews were semi-structured, guided by open-ended questions and video and audio recorded. Data were analysed according to study design with categories and themes extracted using reliability measures. RESULTS This study's findings reflected the unique experiences of each participant in a primarily female dominated work environment in clinical and academic settings. Our study identified thematic categories of role expectations and workplace relations for the men in the study. Role expectations were influenced by sociocultural views, professional acceptance and patient/family perceptions. Workplace relations were associated with being male, social cliques and peer support. CONCLUSION Participants shared similar and distinctly individual experiences. Findings from this study indicate there has been progress toward improving male presence in nursing but additional efforts are needed to increase inclusivity. Findings can be used to make recommendations for professional change in nursing, strengthen diversity by refining ways to recruit more men, enhance patients' experiences and improve experiences for future male nurses. IMPACT This study addressed low numbers of men in nursing. Selleckchem Abexinostat Main findings included role expectations and workplace relations and how they are experienced by men in nursing. Findings from this research have a multidisciplinary impact in the workplace, and affect care of patients and their families. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.AIMS The purpose of this study was to validate patient's primary caregiver and their nurse's perception of patient discharge readiness assessment and their association with postdischarge medical consumption. DESIGN The study employed a descriptive research, prospective longitudinal study design. METHOD The study was performed in a ward of a medical centre in Taipei, Taiwan, from June 2017-May 2018. Obtained data were analysed using an independent t test, one-way ANOVA and logistic regression approach. RESULTS/FINDINGS The number of comorbidities and the number of days of hospital stay were positively associated with post discharge emergency room visits. Caregiver readiness for hospital discharge had significant negative correlation with patient's 30-day readmission. Both caregiver and nurse readiness for the hospital discharge scale score were not factors associated with the patients' 30-day emergency room visit. CONCLUSION Based on the research findings, to assess the discharge readiness as perceived by caregivers at patients' discharge is recommended. IMPACT Caregiver and nurse scores on readiness for hospital discharge showed a significant positive correlation. The higher the score of a caregiver's readiness for a patient's hospital discharge, the lower the 30-day readmission rate. Family-centred care enables patients to safely pass though the transition phase from hospital to community and reduces the postrelease consumption of medical resources. The discharge readiness perceived by caregivers should be included in any decision-making. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.