Schwarzlykkegaard3065

The development of the artificial intelligence (AI) classifier to recognize fetal facial expressions that are considered as being related to the brain development of fetuses as a retrospective, non-interventional pilot study.

Images of fetal faces with sonography obtained from outpatient pregnant women with a singleton fetus were enrolled in routine conventional practice from 19 to 38weeks of gestation from January 1, 2020, to September 30, 2020, with completely de-identified data. Mdivi-1 cost The images were classified into seven categories, such as eye blinking, mouthing, face without any expression, scowling, smiling, tongue expulsion, and yawning. The category in which the number of fetuses was less than 10 was eliminated before preparation. Next, we created a deep learning AI classifier with the data. Statistical values such as accuracy for the test dataset and the AI confidence score profiles for each category per image for all data were obtained.

The number of fetuses/images in the rated categories were 14/147, 23/302, 33/320, 8/55, and 10/72 for eye blinking, mouthing, face without any expression, scowling, and yawning, respectively. The accuracy of the AI fetal facial expression for the entire test data set was 0.985. The accuracy/sensitivity/specificity values were 0.996/0.993/1.000, 0.992/0.986/1.000, 0.985/1.000/0.979, 0.996/0.888/1.000, and 1.000/1.000/1.000 for the eye blinking, mouthing, face without any expression, scowling categories, and yawning, respectively.

The AI classifier has the potential to objectively classify fetal facial expressions. AI can advance fetal brain development research using ultrasound.

The AI classifier has the potential to objectively classify fetal facial expressions. AI can advance fetal brain development research using ultrasound.Pathological gastro-oesophageal reflux (GER) is one of the most common complications that results in the aftermath of treatment of congenital oesophageal atresia (EA). The aim of this study is to present a case of a 7-year-old girl with severe gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) operated on in the neonatal period due to EA with a lower tracheo-oesophageal fistula (TEF). The patient, despite the use of adequate conservative treatment, clinically and in the endoscopic examination was diagnosed with severe oesophagitis (LA-D in the Los Angeles classification). After a laparoscopic fundoplication by the Nissen method at the age of 4, a transient clinical improvement and a reduction of inflammatory lesions in the oesophagus were obtained. Three years after the procedure, the patient presented with deterioration of GERD clinical symptoms in the form of regularly occurring vomiting with periodic admixture of fresh blood, recurrent cough, symptoms of dysphagia and failure to thrive. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (upper GI endoscopy) revealed significant progression of inflammatory changes in the oesophagus and the two-level oesophageal stricture together with endoscopic signs of wrap disruption. Based on the conducted diagnostics, the girl was qualified for surgical revision. The diagnosis was confirmed intraoperatively. During the 4-month postoperative period, a significant clinical improvement and resolution of symptoms were observed. The presented case indicates the need for close and long-term monitoring of patients after EA. In the case of a recurrent reflux oesophagitis in patients after anti-reflux surgery, the possibility of prolonged complications, such as a wrap disruption, herniation or slippage should be taken into consideration.

The study investigated the concentration of IgA, IgM and IgG in colostrum, transitional and mature milk and the effect of parity, age, BMI and family income on secreted immunoglobulin contents of human milk.

Sequential samples of colostrum, transitional and mature milk were collected from 38 women. Enzymelinked immunosorbent assay was used to analyse the immunoglobulin concentrations.

The study revealed that IgA was the dominant immunoglobulin and mean concentration in colostrum, transitional and mature milk was 5.92 ± 1.50 g/L, 3.85 ± 0.64 g/L and 3.72 ± 0.68 g/L, respectively. Both IgA and IgM levels of colostrum decreased significantly in both transitional (

= 0.000) and mature milk (

= 0.000), while the concentration of IgG rises significantly in them (colostrum

. transitional milk,

= 0.000; and colostrum

. mature milk

= 0.011). While maternal age, BMI and family income had no significant influence on the immunoglobulin levels at different stages of lactation, parity showed significant influence on IgG (

= 0.03) and IgM (

= 0.05) levels of transitional milk and IgA level of colostrum (

= 0.05).

The findings suggest that immunoglobulin composition in breast milk is strongly associated with stage of lactation and is likely to be more susceptible to parity than BMI and socioeconomic characteristics.

The findings suggest that immunoglobulin composition in breast milk is strongly associated with stage of lactation and is likely to be more susceptible to parity than BMI and socioeconomic characteristics.

The study uses the

(

) developed by K. Milska and A. Mański to estimate the overgeneralisation effect in trait inferencing about children with craniofacial anomalies, which involved university students (future health professionals) and relatives of children with craniofacial microsomia (

). The practical purpose of the study was to provide evidence supporting the benefits of using the

to improve the outcomes of child rehabilitation.

The

(Polish

) was administered to a group of 843 university students of medical/caring professions and 26 parents/guardians of children with craniofacial anomalies. The responses of 757 subjects were included in the analysis.

Different trait profiles of a child with

were obtained. The carer appraisal of their child tended to be very positive across all items. The student appraisals were definitely less positive and more varied. A range of factors which may affect trait impression leading to overgeneralisation in trait inferencing about a child with

have been identified, including familiarity with the child, craniofacial anomaly suggestive of more severe disability, emotional expression and the relationship to the child.