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The median shortened time for completion was 273 seconds and 290 seconds respectively. A significant decrease in procedure task time was observed between first and second attempts in the resident group (P = 0.016), specialist group (P = 0.004), and in total among all participants (P < 0.001).

The ET-REBOA course significantly decreased the time taken to perform the REBOA procedure with high satisfaction of the participants. The course could be an effective curriculum for the development of endovascular skills for performing REBOA.

The ET-REBOA course significantly decreased the time taken to perform the REBOA procedure with high satisfaction of the participants. The course could be an effective curriculum for the development of endovascular skills for performing REBOA.

Recently, several studies have demonstrated symptom-based, non-zonal algorithms for approaching penetrating neck injuries. The purpose of this study was to confirm the effectiveness of the "no zone" approach in traumatic neck injuries.

Medical charts of patients with traumatic neck injuries who presented at the Regional Trauma Center in South Korea between January 2014 and December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Negative final neck findings (FNFs) were compared with positive FNFs (which include major vascular, aerodigestive, nerve, endocrine gland, cartilage, or hyoid bone injuries) using multivariate logistic regression analysis including values of the "zone" and/or no zone approach.

Out of 168 trauma patients, 70 patients with a minor injury and 7 patients under the age of 18 years were excluded. Of the remaining 91 patients, 74 (81.3%) had penetrating neck injuries and 17 (18.7%) had blunt neck injuries. Initial diagnosis most frequently revealed external wounds in zone II (84.6%). Twenty (22.0%) and 36 (39.5%) patients had hard and soft signs, respectively, using the no zone approach. Further, there was a significant difference between the negative and positive FNFs in patients with hard signs (11.6%

54.5%; P < 0.01, respectively). According to the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the hard signs were associated with an odds ratio (OR) for FNFs (OR, 18.92; 95% confidence interval, 3.55-157.60).

Traumatic neck injuries classified as having hard signs based on the no zone approach may be correlated with internal organ injuries of the neck.

Traumatic neck injuries classified as having hard signs based on the no zone approach may be correlated with internal organ injuries of the neck.

Open surgical conversion (OSC) is the last treatment option for patients with endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR)failure. We investigated the underlying causes of EVAR failure requiring OSC and attempted to determine strategies to avoid OSC after EVAR.

We retrospectively reviewed the database of patients who underwent OSC after EVAR from 2005 to 2018 in a single institution. Twenty-six OSCs were performed in 24 patients (median age, 74.5 years; 79.2% of males) who had undergone standard EVAR. We investigated pre-, intra-, and postoperative computed tomography or angiographic images and outcomes of the OSCs.

Two main indications for OSC were persistent endoleak (50.0%) and endograft infection (EI) (38.5%). All 13 patients who underwent OSC due to endoleaks received EVAR outside of indications for use. Among 10 patients who underwent OSC due to EI, we found overlooked infection sources in 7 (70.0%) at the time of EVAR or during the surveillance period. OSC was performed at a median of 31.8 months (interquartile range, 9.4-69.8) after EVAR as an emergency (15.4%) or elective (84.6%) surgery. Aortic endograft was removed in 84.6% of cases (totally, 57.7%; partially, 26.9%), whereas it was preserved in 4 cases (15.4%). click here After 26 OSCs, 2 early deaths (7.7%) and 2 aortoenteric fistulae (7.7%) developed as major complications.

OSC after EVAR was associated with relatively higher perioperative morbidity and mortality. To avoid OSC after EVAR, we recommend careful assessment of coexisting infection sources and avoidance of EVAR for patients with especially unfavorable anatomy for EVAR, particularly the in proximal neck.

OSC after EVAR was associated with relatively higher perioperative morbidity and mortality. To avoid OSC after EVAR, we recommend careful assessment of coexisting infection sources and avoidance of EVAR for patients with especially unfavorable anatomy for EVAR, particularly the in proximal neck.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in acute cellular rejection (ACR) after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).

All consecutive patients who underwent ABO-compatible (ABOc) LDLT from September 2014 to December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. NLR was calculated on 3 occasions; (1) 4 weeks prior to liver transplantation (LT), (2) the day of LT, and (3) the day before liver biopsy.

Among 66 patients who underwent ABOc LDLT, ACR was identified in 15 patients (22.7%) on protocol liver biopsy performed routinely on the postoperative day 7. There was no significant difference in NLR at 4 weeks prior to LT and the day of LT between no-ACR and ACR group (2.98 ± 1.92

2.54 ± 1.15, P = 0.433; 17.9 ± 8.31

20.5 ± 13.4, P = 0.393). However, NLR was significantly lower in ACR group compared to non-ACR group just prior to liver biopsy (5.82 ± 3.42

18.4 ± 17.2, P = 0.035). NLR tends to decrease 3.5 days before the onset of ACR. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for optimal cut-off value of NLR was 6.49, with sensitivity and specificity of 80.4% and 73.3% respectively.

NLR has a potential as a noninvasive predictor of early ACR in ABOc LDLT.

NLR has a potential as a noninvasive predictor of early ACR in ABOc LDLT.

Repeating endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with recurrent common bile duct (CBD) stones is problematic in many ways. Choledochoduodenostomy (CDS) and choledochojejunostomy (CJS) are 2 surgical treatment options for recurrent CBD stones, and each has different advantages and disadvantages. The aim of this study was to compare the 2 surgical options in terms of the recurrence rate of CBD stones after surgical treatment.

This retrospective multicenter study included all patients who underwent surgical treatment due to recurrent CBD stones that were not effectively controlled by medical treatment and repeated ERCP between January 2006 and March 2015. We collected data from chart reviews and medical records. A recurrent CBD stone was defined as a stone found 6 months after the complete removal of a CBD stone by ERCP. Patients who underwent surgery for other reasons were excluded.

A total of 27 patients were enrolled in this study. Six patients underwent CDS, and 21 patients underwent CJS for the rescue treatment of recurrent CBD stones.