Almeidamaldonado0868

Titanium oxide (TiO x ) has recently emerged as an electron-selective passivating contact for solar cell and semiconductor device applications. The mechanism behind this function has been attributed to the lower energy barrier for electrons than holes at the TiO x /semiconductor interface. Here we report an antithetic function of TiO x nanolayers (∼5 nm), which were grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) on either planar or textured crystalline silicon (Si) without a buffer layer, acting as efficient hole-selective contacts with excellent surface passivation. We demonstrate the proof-of-concept solar cells with power conversion efficiencies above 20% with both n- and p-Si absorbers. We show that the elemental composition in the TiO x /Si interfacial layers (TiO x Si y H and SiO x H), which can be manipulated by the ALD process and the post-treatments such as exposure to atomic hydrogen and supply of oxygen during annealing, is a key in the efficient hole extraction and surface passivation. This new hole-selective passivating contact opens opportunities for replacing the widely used heterocontacts and dielectric-passivation layers in various device applications.Trilobatin, a dihydrochalcone glucoside and natural sweetener, has diverse biological and therapeutic properties. In the present study, we developed a microbial system to produce trilobatin from phloretin using Escherichia coli (E. coli) overexpressing the phloretin-4'-O-glycosyltransferase from Malus x domestica Borkh. Various optimization strategies were employed for the efficient production of trilobatin using a one-factor-at-a-time method. The effect of UDP-glucose supplementation, substrate, and inducer concentrations, time of substrate feeding as well as protein induction, and different culture media combinations were evaluated and optimized to enhance the production of trilobatin. As a result, the highest trilobatin production, 246.83 μM (107.64 mg L-1), was obtained with an LB-TB medium combination, 22 h of induction with 0.1 mM IPTG followed by 4 h of feeding with 250 μM phloretin and without extracellular UDP-glucose supplementation. These results demonstrate the efficient production of trilobatin and constitute a promising foundation for large-scale production of the dihydrochalcone glycosides in engineered E. coli.For patients in critical or terminal situations, the approach to death is a situation that raises many ethical and legal issues of importance. check details Health professionals and families of the person at the end-of-life are obviously at the forefront of the concerns generated by these situations, all wishing to act in the best interest of the patient. Some States have regulated the various situations encountered on the ground in order to provide stakeholders with clear and appropriate procedures to ensure human dignity in practice by elaborating the rules of an end-of-life ethics aimed at supporting health professionals involved in carrying out certain acts while setting limits in respect of the persons concerned. What are the alternatives? Is euthanasia tolerable? What role for health professionals? And for the family? The content of the regulations differs according to countries, to cultural sensitivities and ethical and legal traditions, like the political will to regulate this topic. The regulatory experience of countries like France and China can be useful to other countries and serve as a basis for discussing the topic. Therefore, we analyze the current French framework and the situation in China in order to highlight main elements of ethical discussions, adopted positions and rules, eventual joint considerations, remaining issues and challenges in a comparative approach.

By threatening our lives, death becomes a medical as well as an institutional issue. To remedy the quest of sense, Man develops a culture amongst which the symbols will be the basis of rites. Recent studies have shown a high rate of burnout syndromes and suicide within the medical community. With a qualitative approach, we aimed to answer the following question do doctor possess symbolic means of personal defence in front of the dissolvent action of death?

We built up a questionnaire from key points raised by anthropology and sociology of death. It was addressed to residents of Saint Louis Hospital (Paris, France) during winter 2016-2017.

Twenty comprehensive answers were obtained. Young physicians were between 25 and 33 years old (55% haematologists, 35% oncologists, others general practitioners & internal medicine physicians). We show that, to remedy the quest of sense in presence of death, young physicians reckon having repetitive gestures with corpses, thus elaborating the beginning of a personal rite. We also demonstrate the role of empathy and palliative medicine in diminishing the pain of seeing agony and death. Finally, we weave a tie between the lack of collective catharsis at hospital and the high rate of suicide and depressions within the medical community.

In the West, we are out of effective symbolism due to the shift of rituals on less metaphysical symbols. This shift of symbolism also affects hospital which failed to develop or protect means to transcend death in a collective scale.

In the West, we are out of effective symbolism due to the shift of rituals on less metaphysical symbols. This shift of symbolism also affects hospital which failed to develop or protect means to transcend death in a collective scale.

The P -value is frequently used in research to determine the probability that the results of a study are chance findings. A value less than 0.05 was once typically considered only to mean that results are 'statistically significant', as it indicates the chance they are false positives is less than one in 20 (5%). However, P<0.05 has transcended into meaning a study has had positive findings and its results are true and meaningful, increasing the likelihood it will be published. This has led to researchers over-emphasising the importance of the P-value, which may lead to a wrong conclusion and unethical research practices.

To explain what the P -value means and explore its role in determining results and conclusions in quantitative research.

Some researchers are calling for a move away from using statistical significance towards meaningful interpretation of findings. This would require all researchers to consider the magnitude of the effect of their findings, contemplate findings with less certainty, and place a greater emphasis on logic to support or refute findings - as well as to have the courage to consider findings from multiple perspectives.