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91 ±20.32 vs. 76.25 ±16.99, p = 0.038; 31.87 ±6.61 vs. 28.7 ±4.29, p = 0.005) compared to the L-BPL group. The body weight, glucose and lipid metabolic parameters decreased over time and then remained essentially stable from the first year in both groups. Two years after surgery, the remission (HbA

 % ≤ 6%) of T2DM was 31.2% in the S-BPL group and 37.5% in the L-BPL group (p = 0.685).

With consistent total small bowel bypass (AL + BPL) lengths, lengthening of the BPL from 30 to 100 cm did not affect the post-RYGB glycemic control and weight loss.

With consistent total small bowel bypass (AL + BPL) lengths, lengthening of the BPL from 30 to 100 cm did not affect the post-RYGB glycemic control and weight loss.

Laparoscopic surgery is not easily performed by junior surgeons who have limited experience.

To investigate the safety and feasibility of the first experience of junior surgeons with laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (LDG) who were trained in super high-volume centers.

Clinicopathological data from the first 85 LDG cases performed by three gastric cancer surgeons were collected. All three surgeons were trained for > 1 year in super high-volume centers. The surgical and postoperative outcomes of the first experiences of junior surgeons were compared with the short-term outcomes reported in a multicenter randomized controlled trial (Korean Laparoendoscopic Gastrointestinal Surgery Study, KLASS-01 trial), conducted by the KLASS group, which is composed of experienced surgeons who practice in a high-volume center.

A significantly greater number of older patients with longer operation times and lower estimated blood loss was observed for the junior surgeons than in the KLASS data. Although junior surgeons performed significantly more Billroth II anastomoses with D1+ lymph node dissection, there was no difference between the two groups in terms of hospital stay, number of retrieved lymph nodes, or postoperative morbidity.

The surgical outcomes of early gastric cancer managed by laparoscopic surgery performed by well-trained beginners were similar to the outcomes reported in the large-scale trial. Therefore, with regard to the surgical training system, training at super high-volume centers may be considered to provide some assurance in terms of surgical technique-related safety.

The surgical outcomes of early gastric cancer managed by laparoscopic surgery performed by well-trained beginners were similar to the outcomes reported in the large-scale trial. Therefore, with regard to the surgical training system, training at super high-volume centers may be considered to provide some assurance in terms of surgical technique-related safety.The COVID-19 disease continues to cause a global pandemic. The University Hospital in Krakow has been designated as one of the COVID-19 hospitals. To prepare for the pandemic we needed to implement strategies that would protect the health care workers, reduce in-hospital transmission, and provide optimal care for the patients. In the operating department, these preparations involve the cooperation of multiple teams and can pose significant difficulties. Here, we describe measures taken in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. These include, adjustments made in OR set-ups, modification of workflow and processes, and the introduction of adequate personal protective equipment. We believe that these containment measures are required in order to provide an adequate quality of care to COVID-19 patient and to minimise the risk of cross-infection to staff members and other patients.

One of the most significant challenges nowadays is to educate and predict the predispositions of young surgeons taking into consideration that every ability has its own learning curve.

To determine the influence of selected factors and examine the shape and the length of the learning curve in performing simple tasks on an endoscopic simulator.

Twenty students took part in 4 training sessions with a one-week break between sessions. They were training 12 min and performed three tasks at every session on the endoscopic simulator. To identify whether selected factors influence the time of completing tasks, the participants were asked to fill in questionnaires. All participants also completed the Minnesota Manual Dexterity Test (MMDT) to assess hand-eye coordination.

Our research reveals that regardless of activities performed in free time, the shape of the learning curve was logarithmic. Improvement after the fourth session ranged from 50% to 75%. VER155008 Performing specific activities in the free time did not influence the results achieved on the simulator. No statistically significant correlation between MMDT results and the time to accomplish each task was found.

This study has shown that the length of the learning curve of performing simple tasks is quite short and the shape is logarithmic. It suggests that more complex exercises should be included in the training programme.

This study has shown that the length of the learning curve of performing simple tasks is quite short and the shape is logarithmic. It suggests that more complex exercises should be included in the training programme.

A proactive approach is recommended in colorectal anastomosis leak treatment, and early diagnosis is very important. Early postoperative endoscopy would allow rapid diagnosis of anastomotic pathologies and consequent prompt intervention according to anastomotic disruption morphology.

To evaluate the effectiveness of close endoscopic follow-up of all patients (including asymptomatic ones) in improving diagnosis of acute leak (AL) and reducing its complications.

This study included 124 patients who had undergone rectum resection for rectal cancer with stapled anastomosis. Endoscopy was performed between the 7

and 10

postoperative day and 1 month postoperatively. For defect morphology assessment, a classification system was created based on four levels of severity. Photographic findings were evaluated by an independent, experienced gastroenterologist.

Postoperative endoscopy revealed 28 (22.6%) patients with acute leakage. Initial endoscopy confirmed AL in 18 patients. Six (31.6%) patients were asymptomatic and 13 (68.