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Background Opioids are utilized for pain management during and after mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU). Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the percentage of potentially unnecessary opioid prescriptions on discharge in previously opioid-naïve patients. Methods This retrospective cohort study included mechanically ventilated, opioid-naïve ICU patients who received opioids. The primary outcome of this study was the discrepancy between the amounts of opioids prescribed at discharge versus those likely required based on actual 24-hour prehospital discharge opioid requirements. Results A total of 71 patients were included. learn more Of these, 63.3% (n = 45) of discharge prescriptions were in alignment with 24-hour predischarge requirements, and 36.7% (n = 26) of discharge prescriptions were in excess of calculated predischarge requirements. At discharge, 57.7% (n = 41) of patients received a nonopioid analgesic. Multivariable linear regression revealed that cardiothoracic ICU admission was associated with an increased risk of inappropriate discharge opioid prescribing, whereas a shorter duration of inpatient oral opioid therapy decreased risk of inappropriate discharge prescribing. Conclusion and Relevance Opioid prescribing for previously mechanically ventilated patients warrants improvement as a part of the discharge planning process. Application of these data may aid in the reduction of opioid overprescribing at discharge after an ICU stay.Background The relationship between the medication regimen complexity index (MRCI) and adverse drug reaction (ADR)-related hospital admissions has not yet specifically been investigated. Objective To evaluate the MRCI and compare with medication count for prediction of ADR-related hospital admissions in older patients. Methods This was a retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected convenience sample of 768 unplanned medical admissions of Australians aged 65 years old and older. The sample consisted of 115 (15.0%) ADR-related unplanned hospital admissions and 653 (85.0%) non-ADR-related unplanned medical admissions. The MRCI score was calculated from the medical records and analyzed to predict ADR-related hospital admissions. Results The cohort had a median age of 81 years, 5 comorbidities, and 11 medications, with a slight majority of women. The MRCI score was not significantly different in patients who had ADR-related admissions compared with other medical admissions-38.5 versus 34.0, respectively; Wilcoxon Rank Sum test W = 33 522; P = 0.067. The medication count was significantly different between the ADR-related admissions compared with other medical admissions 12 versus 10; W = 32 508; P = 0.021. However, the medication count was not a strong predictor of ADR-related admissions; unadjusted odds ratio = 1.044; 95% CI = 1.006-1.084. Conclusion and Relevance The MRCI score did not discriminate between ADR-related admissions and other medical admissions despite taking time to calculate with potential for inconsistent application. Medication count is more readily applicable with marginally greater relevance in this cohort; however, both measures do not appear to be useful when used alone for clinicians to identify patients at risk of ADRs.Background The prevalence of diabetes in youth is increasing worldwide in parallel with the obesity epidemic. This study aimed to determine the incidence rates of dysglycemia (diabetes or prediabetes) and evaluate the predictors of its progression or regression to normal glucose tolerance (NGT) in a cohort of children and adolescents studied in Chennai, south India. Methods A longitudinal follow up of the Obesity Reduction and Awareness of Non communicable diseases through Group Education (ORANGE) cohort was performed after a median of 7.1 years (n=845; 5928 person years of follow up). To determine their diabetes status at follow-up, participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (n = 811 with NGT and 34 with prediabetes at baseline); excluding those with diabetes at baseline. Incidence rates for dysglycemia were reported per 1000 person-years of follow-up. Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the predictors of progression and regression. Results Out of 811 individuals with NGT at baseline, 115 developed dysglycemia giving an incidence rate of 20.2 per 1000 person years (95% CI 16.8-24.2). Among those with prediabetes at baseline, 70.6% of the individuals converted to NGT and the remaining 29.4% either got converted to diabetes or remained as prediabetes. Higher Age, BMI, FPG, 2-hour PG, positive family history of diabetes and systolic blood pressure were independent predictors of incident dysglycemia whereas lower age, waist circumference, 2-hr PG, systolic BP and triglycerides predicted regression to normoglycelmia. Conclusions This study highlights the growing burden of dysglycemia in Asian Indian youth and emphasizes on the need for targeted preventive actions. Keywords dysglycemia, predictors, NGT, adolescents, young adults, Indians.OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the effects of Kinesio Taping and compression stockings on pain, edema, functional capacity and quality of life in patients with chronic venous disease (CVD). DESIGN This is a prospective, randomized, controlled, single-blind clinical trial. SETTING The study was conducted in a physiotherapy and rehabilitation unit of a university hospital. SUBJECTS A total of 62 patients with early-stage CVD were allocated to either an experimental group or a control group. INTERVENTIONS Experimental group (n = 29) received Kinesio Taping intervention once a week for four weeks, while control group (n = 29) received compression stockings for four weeks. All patients additionally undertook an exercise training programme including calf muscle pump exercises, flexibility exercises and diaphragmatic breathing. MAIN MEASURES Visual analogue scale, lower limb circumference measurements, 6-minute walk test and Short Form 36 questionnaire were applied before and after four weeks of treatment. RESULTS Control group showed statistically significant improvements in pain (P  0.05). Both groups significantly improved 6-minute walk distance (P  less then  0.001) and Short Form 36 physical component summary (experimental group, P = 0.002; control group, P = 0.006). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that Kinesio Taping and compression stockings revealed similar improvements of functional capacity and quality of life in patients with CVD. The symptoms of pain and edema caused by CVD can be decreased more efficiently with compression stockings than Kinesio Taping intervention.