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It is also time to protect infants with B vaccine. Large pedagogy on the disease is required to increase the adhesion to the vaccination and to recognize and treat earlier the residual cases.Background Recent outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases have affected members of religious communities. While major religions support vaccines, the views of individual clergy who practice and propagate major faith traditions are unclear. Our objective was to explore clergy attitudes toward vaccines and vaccine advocacy.Methods In 2018-2019, we conducted qualitative interviews with clergy in Colorado and North Carolina. We inductively analyzed transcripts using a grounded theory approach, developing codes iteratively, resolving disagreements by consensus, and identifying themes.Results We interviewed 16 clergy (1 Buddhist, 3 Catholic, 2 Jewish, 1 Hindu, 1 Islamic, 7 Protestant, and 1 Unity). Analyses yielded seven themes attitudes toward vaccines, congregational needs, public health climate, perceived responsibility, comfort and competing interests, reported advocacy efforts, and clergy health advocacy goals. Most clergy had positive vaccination attitudes and were open to vaccine advocacy, although discomfort with medical concepts and competing interests in their congregations influenced whether many had chosen to advocate for vaccines. Over half reported promoting vaccination in various contexts.Conclusions In our sample, U.S. clergy held complex attitudes toward vaccines, informed by experience and social norms as much as religious beliefs or Scriptures. Clergy may be open to vaccine advocacy, but a perceived lack of relevance in their faith communities or a lack of medical expertise may limit their advocacy efforts in diverse contexts. Amidst growing vaccine hesitancy, pediatricians could partner with clergy in their communities, answer questions about vaccines, raise awareness of recent outbreaks, and empower clergy in joint educational events.Background The introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine has raised significant ethical, economic, and scientific controversies. Introduction Because an explicit goal of AI is to perform processes previously reserved for human clinicians and other health care personnel, there is justified concern about the impact on patient safety, efficacy, equity, and liability. Discussion Systems for computer-assisted and fully automated detection, triage, and diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) from retinal images show great variation in design, level of autonomy, and intended use. Moreover, the degree to which these systems have been evaluated and validated is heterogeneous. We use the term DR AI system as a general term for any system that interprets retinal images with at least some degree of autonomy from a human grader. We put forth these standardized descriptors to form a means to categorize systems for computer-assisted and fully automated detection, triage, and diagnosis of DR. The components of the categorization system include level of device autonomy, intended use, level of evidence for diagnostic accuracy, and system design. Conclusion There is currently minimal empirical basis to assert that certain combinations of autonomy, accuracy, or intended use are better or more appropriate than any other. Therefore, at the current stage of development of this document, we have been descriptive rather than prescriptive, and we treat the different categorizations as independent and organized along multiple axes.This second part of the review of the 21st century literature on glove permeation is divided into the following major themes; permeation data and mathematical models, exposure/risk assessment, and manufacturer data. The major issues in the literature were the demonstrations that increasing temperature and applying forces increased permeation; and that glove manufacturer data were sometimes not reproducible. Double gloving of disposable gloves was found to be effective in resisting chemical permeation for short periods of time. Harmonization of standards and commercial glove classifications were called for at conditions that were closer to the temperature and applied forces actually present in the workplace, including whole glove testing and quantitative rather than just qualitative criteria. More research was recommended in each section and subsection with particular emphasis on defining the efficiency of solid phase collection devices, and more data in areas like exposure to cosmetics, household products, liquid foods, drinks, and cleaning liquids. More research in exposure assessment for permeated chemicals with sensors on the inner glove surface and on the skin was called for. Finally, it was decided that the state of the art of current practice was in a situation that needed the permeation standards, research, and the permeation charts of glove manufacturers to be at conditions that better reflected those encountered by workers with donned gloves.Wide adoption of electronic health records (EHRs) has raised the expectation that data obtained during routine clinical care, termed "real-world" data, will be accumulated across health care systems and analyzed on a large scale to produce improvements in patient outcomes and the use of health care resources. To facilitate a learning health system, EHRs must contain clinically meaningful structured data elements that can be readily exchanged, and the data must be of adequate quality to draw valid inferences. At the present time, the majority of EHR content is unstructured and locked into proprietary systems that pose significant challenges to conducting accurate analyses of many clinical outcomes. This article details the current state of data obtained at the point of care and describes the changes necessary to use the EHR to build a learning health system.Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the dominant pathogen in severe and fatal hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) cases. Since 2015, three inactivated EV71 vaccines have been approved in China. The vaccination coverage of the EV71 vaccine has been relatively low, especially in rural areas. A cross-sectional survey from July 19 to August 22, 2018, was conducted in three rural counties of northern Jiangsu Province among parents of children aged 6-60 months. We adopted a pretested validated questionnaire to assess knowledge, awareness, and attitude of HFMD and EV71 vaccines among respondents and used univariate and multivariate binary logistic analyses to explore potential factors associated with the acceptance of EV71 vaccines. Of the 1,112 parents who participated, 87.8% were willing to vaccinate their children with EV71 vaccines. read more Parents over 40 y old were less likely to have their children vaccinated [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.13-3.97]. Parents who lived in Ganyu (aOR = 0.50, 95% CI 0.31-0.