Mayergonzalez1817

Anemia is considered a common finding in dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD), typically as normochromic, normocytic, and non-regenerative. Although anemia can occur at any CKD IRIS (International Renal Interest Society) stage, its severity is related with the loss of kidney function. The aim of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate quantitative and morphological abnormalities of the erythrogram in dogs at different CKD IRIS stages. A total of 482 CBCs from 3648 initially screened were included in the study. Anemia was present in 302/482 (63%) dogs, in the majority of which it was normochromic, normocytic, and non-regenerative (295/302; 98%). The number of reticulocytes was less then 60,000/μL in the majority of dogs (248/295; 84%), with a correlation between poor regeneration rate and progression of CKD (p = 0.0001). The frequency of anemia significantly differed (p = 0.0001) among the IRIS stages 108/231 (47%) in IRIS 2, 77/109 (71%) in IRIS 3, and 117/142 (82%) in IRIS 4. Dogs at IRIS stages 3 and 4 were more likely to have moderate to severe anemia, compared to dogs at IRIS stage 2 (p = 0.0001). Anisocytosis was the most frequent morphological abnormality (291/482; 60%), whereas the presence of poikilocytosis showed an association with progression of IRIS stages (p = 0.009). Among different morphological abnormalities, the frequency of fragmented red blood cells and Howell-Jolly bodies showed a significant association with the progression of CKD. Anemia was a frequent finding in CKD dogs, mostly associated with none to poor regeneration rate. Similar to human medicine, advanced CKD stages are more frequently characterized by morphological alterations, such as fragmented red blood cells and Howell-Jolly bodies, which may suggest a more severe condition of reduced bone marrow activity and microangiopathy.

The purpose of this study was to establish sex-specific percentile curves and values for the running pace of Brazilian non-professional runners.

The sample comprised 1152 amateur runners aged 18-72 (61.8% males), from the five Brazilian regions. The runners answered an online questionnaire providing information about their biological (sex, age, height, weight) and training (volume and frequency/week, running pace) characteristics. Using 25th, 50th, and 75th percentile, the running pace was computed for women and men by age groups and by running distances (5 km, 10 km, 21 km, and 42 km). Sex- and age-specific percentile curves (10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th) were created through the Lambda Mu Sigma method.

For all ages and distance, men performed better than women, and a decrease in the performance was observed across age groups. Among male runners, the beginning of their thirties and the end of their forties seem to be the moments where they observed substantial improvements in running pace; among female runners, this improvement phase was observed to be more pronounced toward the end of their forties.

Percentile values of running pace could help coaches during training programs and runners to better understand "how well" they are comparing against their peers.

Percentile values of running pace could help coaches during training programs and runners to better understand "how well" they are comparing against their peers.Additive manufacturing (AM) of nickel-based superalloys is of high interest for application in complex hot end parts. However, it has been widely suggested that the microstructure-properties of the additive manufacturing processed superalloys are not yet fully clear. In this study, the GTD222, an important superalloy for high-temperature hot-end part, were prepared using selective laser melting and then subjected to heat treatment. The microstructure evolution of the GTD222 was investigated and the mechanical properties of heat treated GTD222 were tested. The results have shown that the grain size of the heat treated GTD222 was close to its as-built counterparts. Meanwhile, a large amount of γ' and nano-scaled carbides were precipitated in the heat treated GTD222. The microstructure characteristics implied that the higher strength of the heat treated GTD222 can be attributed to the γ' and nano-scaled carbides. This study provides essential microstructure and mechanical properties information for optimizing the heat treatment process of the AM processed GTD222.Thermal imaging is used in various fields of industry and research to measure temperature and its possible differences. Since there is a lack of research and literature on palm temperatures and prevention of blisters on hands, our question was how palm temperature differs in human hands after different loads (Hang and Swing in Hang) for 30 s on a high bar. Thirty-eight students from the Faculty of Sport at the University of Ljubljana were measured with a high-quality thermal imaging camera. Palm temperatures were measured before the load was applied, immediately after and every 30 s for a period of 5 min after the load. see more Each hand was divided into nine different regions of interest (ROIs). Mean (XA), standard deviation (SD), maximum and minimum, and number of pixels were calculated. We found that there was no difference between the left and right hand. The temperature right after the load was applied decreased significantly for both loads and then increased above the level before the load was applied. After the static load, the temperature reached a constant higher level after 3 min. After the dynamic load, the temperatures continued to increase throughout the measurement period. Further investigation is needed to determine the time period in which the hand temperature reaches the temperature before the load is applied.Hypoxia is a severe stress condition often observed in cancer and chronically inflamed cells and tissues. Extracellular vesicles play pivotal roles in these pathological processes and carry biomolecules that can be detected in many biofluids and may be exploited for diagnostic purposes. Several studies report the effects of hypoxia on extracellular vesicles' release, molecular content, and biological functions in disease. This review summarizes the most recent findings in this field, highlighting the areas that warrant further investigation.