Leachbladt9217

Recent efforts to assemble and analyze the Ambystoma mexicanum genome have dramatically improved the potential to develop molecular tools and pursue genome-wide analyses of genetic variation.

To better resolve the distribution and origins of genetic variation with A mexicanum, we compared DNA sequence data for two laboratory A mexicanum and one A tigrinum to identify 702 million high confidence polymorphisms distributed across the 32 Gb genome. While the wild-caught A tigrinum was generally more polymorphic in a genome-wide sense, several multi-megabase regions were identified from A mexicanum genomes that were actually more polymorphic than A tigrinum. Hydroxylase inhibitor Analysis of polymorphism and repeat content reveals that these regions likely originated from the intentional hybridization of A mexicanum and A tigrinum that was used to introduce the albino mutation into laboratory stocks.

Our findings show that axolotl genomes are variable with respect to introgressed DNA from a highly polymorphic species. It seems likely that other divergent regions will be discovered with additional sequencing of A mexicanum. This has practical implications for designing molecular probes and suggests a need to study A mexicanum phenotypic variation and genome evolution across the tiger salamander clade.

Our findings show that axolotl genomes are variable with respect to introgressed DNA from a highly polymorphic species. It seems likely that other divergent regions will be discovered with additional sequencing of A mexicanum. This has practical implications for designing molecular probes and suggests a need to study A mexicanum phenotypic variation and genome evolution across the tiger salamander clade.Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) is an expanding technology for patients in cardiogenic shock. The majority of patients requiring ECLS can be managed with percutaneous venoarterial (VA) femoral cannulation. Despite sufficient extracorporeal circulatory support, a unclear number of patients develop left ventricular distension which can result in increased wall tension and stress as well as worsening pulmonary edema. Indications to vent the left ventricle can be controversial. When venting is indicated, a number of additional procedures may be considered including inotropic support, intra-aortic balloon pump, impella, balloon atrial septostomy, or placement of a transseptal cannula. We present a unique case of a femoral VA extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to transplant with left-sided venting using a Bio-Medicus NextGen cannula (Medtronic) with a transseptal approach.

Poor dietary intake increases disease risk, and poor sleep influences diet. This systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies aimed to evaluate the effect of sleep health on dietary intake in adults.

Five online databases were used to identify studies published between 1970 and 2019. Included studies were interventions that modified sleep and reported dietary outcomes.

Fifty four full texts were assessed and 24 publications were included. Following risk of bias appraisal, data were narratively summarised and a sub-group of studies (n=15) was meta-analysed to determine the effect of sleep on dietary intake. One intervention modified sleep timing and 23 modified duration. Sleep duration was partially restricted (≤5.5hnight

) (n=16), totally restricted (n=4), partially and totally restricted (n=1), and extended (n=2). Dietary outcomes were energy intake (n=24), carbohydrate, fat, protein intake (n=20), single nutrient intake (n=5), diet quality (n=1) and food types (n=1). Meta-analysis indicated partial sleep restriction results in higher energy intake in intervention compared with control [standardised mean difference (SMD)=0.37; 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.21-0.52; P<0.001], with a mean difference of 204kcal (95% CI=112-295; P<0.001) in daily energy intake, and a higher percentage of energy from fat, protein, carbohydrate (fat SMD=0.33; 95% CI=0.16-0.51; P<0.001; protein SMD=0.30, 95% CI=0.12-0.47, P=0.001; carbohydrate SMD=0.22, 95% CI=0.04-0.39, P=0.014).

Partial sleep restriction with duration of ≤5.5hday

increases daily energy intake, as well as fat, protein and carbohydrate intake. Further research is needed to determine the relationship between other dimensions of sleep health and dietary intake.

Partial sleep restriction with duration of ≤5.5 h day-1 increases daily energy intake, as well as fat, protein and carbohydrate intake. Further research is needed to determine the relationship between other dimensions of sleep health and dietary intake.Follicle development and timing of ovulation are indicators of the reproductive performance of sows. The present study aimed to determine factors influencing pre-ovulatory follicle diameter and weaning-to-ovulation interval (WOI) in spontaneously ovulating sows in tropical climates with special emphasis on breed, parity and backfat thickness at weaning. In total, 80 sows were included in the study. Follicle development was determined by using transrectal real-time B-mode ultrasonography every 6 hr after standing oestrus. Weaning-to-oestrous interval (WEI), oestrous-to-ovulation interval (EOI), WOI and the diameter of graafian follicles were investigated in relation to breed, parity number (1, 2-3 and 4-7) and backfat thickness (low, moderate and high) of sows. Overall, WEI, EOI, WOI and the pre-ovulatory follicle diameter were 92.5 ± 21.6 hr, 64.3 ± 19.3 hr, 156.3 ± 29.1 hr and 10.3 ± 2.0 mm, respectively. Pre-ovulatory follicle size was smaller in primiparous sows compared with sows of greater parity, 4-7 (9st pronounced in primiparous sows.Homeostasis of calcium (Ca) and phosphate (Pi ) is maintained by a concerted interplay of absorption and reabsorption via the gastrointestinal tract and the kidney and by storage and mobilization from the bone regulated mainly by parathyroid hormone (PTH), 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and calcitonin. The present study aimed at characterizing the effects of dietary P restriction on bone, vitamin D metabolism and rumen fermentation traits reflecting the endogenous P cycle maintaining the ruminal P supply for microbial metabolism. The experiments were done in eleven female, non-pregnant, non-lactating four- to nine-year-old Black Headed Mutton sheep allotted to two feeding groups "P-restricted" (0.11% P/kg DM and 0.88% Ca/kg DM) and "Control" (0.38% P/kg DM and 0.88% Ca/kg DM). Dietary P restriction did not lead to hypophosphataemia, probably due to a compensation by bone mobilization, demonstrated by increased serum concentrations of a resorption marker and altered gene expression in bone tissue. In addition, the RNA expression of fibroblast growth factor 23, a bone-derived factor involved in the regulation of vitamin D metabolism, was significantly reduced with dietary P restriction.