Jorgensenurquhart4095

Effective instructional strategies to improve mathematical problem solving skills are critically important to student success in both school-based and real-world mathematics tasks. This study reports effects of a Virtual-Representational-Abstract Integrated framework on the mathematical problem solving skills of three middle school students with developmental disabilities (autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability). All participants improved in their problem solving accuracy when solving multiplicative comparison word problems using realistic double and triple multipliers. Additionally, all participants maintained their mathematical problem solving accuracy after visual supports (graphic organizer) were removed. Detailed findings and implications for future research and practitioners are discussed.Literature has documented inflated rates of features associated with autism spectrum (AS) in clinic referred, gender diverse young people. This study examined scores on the Social Responsiveness Scale, Second Edition (SRS-2) over time in a group of clinic referred, gender diverse adolescents accessing gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues (GnRHa) to supress puberty. Primary caregivers of 95 adolescents presenting to the Gender Identity Development Service (GIDS) completed the SRS-2 prior to receiving endocrine input (mean age 13.6 ± SEM 0.11) and after approximately one year of accessing GnRHa (mean age 14.6 ± SEM 0.13). No significant differences in SRS-2 scores over time and between birth assigned sex were found. No interactions between time and birth assigned sex were established for SRS-2 subscales or total scores.Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a neurotropic virus that has a detrimental impact on the developing central nervous system (CNS) of children growing up with perinatal HIV (PHIV) due to a combination of pathophysiological processes related to direct viral cytopathic effects and immune activation. This leads to a spectrum of neurocognitive impairment ranging from severe encephalopathy to subtle domain-specific cognitive impairments, as well as psychological disorders that are compounded by HIV-related stigma and sociodemographic factors that disproportionately affect PHIV children. Early commencement and consistent use of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has resulted in a dramatic improvement in neuropsychological outcomes for PHIV children; however, they remain vulnerable to cognitive impairment and psychological disorders, as evidenced by imaging findings, randomised clinical trials and observational studies. An optimal neuroprotective cART regimen remains elusive in children, but systemic viral suppression, regular neurocognitive and psychological screening and ready access to neuropsychological management strategies are key components for optimising neuropsychological outcomes. However, a lack of standardised and validated screening tools, particularly in resource-limited settings, hinders a precise understanding of the nature, prevalence and associations between neuropsychological symptomatology and HIV health. This article reviews the natural history, cellular pathophysiology and structural and functional imaging findings for children growing up with HIV, as well as summarising management strategies related to antiretroviral therapy, screening tools and specific interventions for neurocognitive impairments and psychological disorders.

The clinical benefit of newer antihistamines (AHs) versus other active treatments has not been assessed in pediatric patients with allergic rhinitis.

A systematic literature search was performed in MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception through August 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing newer with older AHs, corticosteroids, or montelukast were included. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool was used for quality assessment.

Out of 10,656 citations, 16 RCTs (N = 1653) with a duration from 10days to 3months were included. When compared with older-generation AHs, the administration of newer AHs did not confer significant benefit and appeared less effective compared with intranasal corticosteroids. However, newer AHs were more potent in achieving symptom control compared with montelukast. Data regarding quality of life were generally missing. The incidence of adverse events was low in all treatment groups. The included RCTs were characterized by moderate risk of bias.

Newer AHs are effective in symptom control and well tolerated in the pediatric population. see more However, inadequate reporting, variation in outcome measures, and a paucity of sufficient randomized comparisons precluded us from quantifying the relative efficacy of newer AHs compared with other treatment options.

Newer AHs are effective in symptom control and well tolerated in the pediatric population. However, inadequate reporting, variation in outcome measures, and a paucity of sufficient randomized comparisons precluded us from quantifying the relative efficacy of newer AHs compared with other treatment options.Asian Americans Pacific Islanders (AAPI) share a disproportionate burden of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in both the United States and New York State. Current hepatitis B virus (HBV) screening and research efforts have focused on urban communities. We administered a cross-sectional survey to 64 attendants at two free health fairs hosted by AAPI organizations on suburban Long Island, New York. We report the demographic make-up, healthcare attitudes, and HBV-related health histories of event attendees in Nassau and Suffolk Counties. Participants in Nassau County generally had more access to healthcare (97.1% vs 74.1% insured, 91.4% vs. 63.0% annual physician visit) and more familiarity with HBV screening (57.1% vs 17.2% history of HBV screening, 42.9% vs 3.9% physician recommendation for HBV screening). AAPI are a heterogenous population. Communities in close proximity may be demographically distinct and efforts to screen for HBV should be tailored to individual communities.

In recent decades, multiple left and right ventricular assist devices (VAD) have been developed, and the utilization of these devices has grown exponentially. We discuss the most common temporary mechanical circulatory support (tMCS) devices used for patients in cardiogenic shock, including the intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), transvalvular axial flow support systems (Impella®), the Tandem™ collection, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

In 2018 the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) introduced new listing criteria for candidates awaiting heart transplantation in the USA. Analysis of the first 1300 transplants under these new listing criteria has shown that higher-risk patients are now undergoing transplantation. As technology has advanced, becoming more sophisticated and miniaturized, a new era has emerged with more rapidly deployable tMCS devices. For some patients presenting in cardiogenic shock, support with these tMCS devices can be a bridge to a more durable option. For others, their only option may be support with the hope of native cardiac recovery.