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ADHD Treatment Medication
Stimulants are the most frequently prescribed drugs for ADHD and are believed to boost and balance levels of brain chemicals. They do not treat the disorder, but rather help manage symptoms if they are used regularly.
The adverse effects of ADHD medication can include an increase in heart rate and blood pressure as well as upset stomach anxiety and tics. Certain teens and children who are taking stimulant medication have a slight decrease in their growth.
Methylphenidate
Methylphenidate is a central nervous stimulant, is the most common medication used to treat ADHD. It is available in a variety of forms, including chewable tablets with liquid and an oral disintegrating tablet that acts long and has an extended release. The drug increases the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. This helps to improve concentration. It may also reduce the symptoms of anxiety and depression. Methylphenidate can be a successful treatment for ADHD in combination with other treatments, including behavioural therapy.
Methylphenidate blocks the transporters that are normally responsible for removing these neurotransmitters from the brain. The drug may cause an increase in heart rate or blood pressure. People with diabetes should also be cautious when taking this medication since it can cause a rapid rise in blood sugar. Talk to your doctor if you experience any of these symptoms. Methylphenidate is also known to cause a condition known as Raynaud's phenomena that causes numbness and discomfort in the fingers and toes. This is a rare side effect, but it is important to tell your doctor if you experience these symptoms.
Some people are concerned that methylphenidate may slow children's growth. However it hasn't been proved. If your child is taking methylphenidate be sure to keep an eye on their weight and height. If your child takes a tablet containing methylphenidate and phenylalanine is present, it could be harmful to children suffering from phenylketonuria. Ask your doctor about a different methylphenidate formula if you have PKU.
Some people are unable to take stimulants, which are the first treatment for ADHD. In these instances, doctors might prescribe another medication that works in a similar way. In addition to methylphenidate, there are other stimulants such as dexamfetamine and the lisdexamfetamine. These drugs can last for longer and are more potent than methylphenidate. They are typically taken two to three times daily however some people may take them more often. There are also psychological treatments for ADHD however, they are less effective than stimulants.
Atomoxetine
Atomoxetine, also known by the brand name Strattera, is a non-stimulant ADHD medication that improves concentration and reduces hyperactivity as well as impulsiveness. It's part of a group of medications known as selective norepinephrine receptor inhibitors. It works by boosting levels of norepinephrine and dopamine, two chemical messengers that regulate the brain's activity. It is popular with children and adults who want an alternative to stimulants such as Adderall or Vyvanse.
It is important to realize that atomoxetine isn't a drug that works instantly. It may take up to 6 weeks before the effects of this drug become apparent. In addition, you may be afflicted by side effects such as drowsiness, decreased appetite, and upset stomach. For most patients the benefits of taking atomoxetine outweigh any risks.
In a double-blind placebo-controlled study of 297 ADHD patients aged between 12 and 18 years old, the efficacy of atomoxetine has been verified. Participants were randomly assigned to receive atomoxetine, which is a daily dose of 0.6 mg per kilogram or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo for 9 weeks. Both the atomoxetine and the placebo group experienced a decrease in the symptoms of depression. The atomoxetine group saw more improvements in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. The improvement was not significant.
In a separate open study in another open trial, 10 patients with ADHD who were unable to respond to stimulants were treated with atomoxetine over 8 weeks. The group receiving atomoxetine had improved ADHD symptoms compared to the placebo group, with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version as well as the Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale gaining significant. However, one patient developed a rash and withdrew from the study. Three patients also reported temporary gastrointestinal symptoms, and one noticed an increase in fatigue.
Before beginning treatment with atomoxetine, talk to your doctor about your medical history as well as any other supplements or medications that you are taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as other over-the-counter medicines. It is especially important to inform your doctor if you have narrow-angle glaucoma, thyroid tumor or adrenal gland tumor or high blood pressure, heart disease, or an unusually sudden death. Also, be wary of atomoxetine in the event that you have taken an MAO inhibitor, such as isocarboxazid, linezolid, methylene blue injection rasagiline, phenelzine, or tranylcypromine in the last 14 days.
Bupropion
Bupropion is a nonstimulant that can help improve symptoms of ADHD. It also helps to reduce impulsivity and boost focus, although it doesn't affect the brain in the same way as stimulants. It's only available with a prescription. Your doctor will decide the best dose for you. Bupropion comes in tablets and extended-release capsules. It is crucial to follow the directions. There are withdrawal symptoms that can occur in the event that you stop abruptly.
It's usually taken twice or three times per day with a gap of 4-6 hours between each dose. The dosage can vary from 100 mg twice or three times per day to 150 mg three or four times a day. The drug is absorbed by the digestive tract and is excreted in urine, meaning it cannot be absorbed into breast milk. However, it is able to enter the bloodstream and impact other organs. Bupropion can increase blood pressure. It is essential to check it regularly.
adhd medication side effects can, in addition to helping to reduce ADHD symptoms it can also help reduce depression. It is also a treatment for bipolar disorder. It works by blocking dopamine receptors in your brain. This stops the neurotransmitter, dopamine, from entering your brain. This helps stabilize your mood.
Bupropion can interact with other drugs So it's crucial to inform your doctor of any other medications you're taking. It's essential to let your doctor know if you are suffering from any allergies. It is also important to stay clear of caffeine and other stimulants, as they could make the adverse effects more severe.
In a number of studies the bupropion drug was compared with placebos for adults with ADHD. The results of these studies were mixed and the majority of studies were not conducted properly. Additionally, many did not include participants with psychiatric disorders. The results suggest that bupropion can have a modest impact on ADHD. However there is a need for more research to establish positive outcomes for patients such as improvements in quality of life. Before effective treatments can be developed it is crucial to understand the underlying causes of the molecular types of ADHD. This requires a deeper understanding of the relation between the various molecular pathways. It is also crucial to know how anti-ADHD drugs work in combination with psychotherapy.
Tricyclic antidepressants
If the stimulants prescribed to children with ADHD don't work or cause undesirable side effects, doctors might turn to antidepressants as a treatment. These drugs, like imipramine and Nortriptyline, (Aventyl and Pamelor) boost the neurotransmitters dopamine as well as norepinephrine in the brain, which aids in helping people to focus. These older drugs can have serious negative side consequences. They are usually only employed when other drugs do not work.
The first option for depression-related antidepressants is typically an inhibitor of serotonin reuptake (SSRI) like fluoxetine, sertraline, or citalopram. However, tricyclic antidepressants which have been around for a long time, can be utilized in certain instances. These drugs are effective in treating pain caused by neuropathic or other but their antidepressant action is not the identical. They potentiate noradrenephrine by inhibiting its reuptake and also act as descending modulators of pain pathways within the spinal cord.
SSRIs are less toxic and have less adverse effects than tricyclic antidepressants. They are also safer during pregnancy and do not appear to be teratogenic to humans or animals. If suddenly stopped, they could cause severe withdrawal symptoms. Your doctor may suggest slowly reducing the dose over a few weeks to minimize these effects.
Although it isn't officially recognized by the FDA as a treatment for adhd, bupropion is a commonly prescribed antidepressant that is off-label for ADHD. It's thought to be effective by increasing the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine and acetylcholine in the brain to improve concentration. It is also believed to ease anxiety and can be used in conjunction with stimulants to get faster and lasting results.
There are no FDA-approved non-stimulant ADHD medications, but many people find relief from dietary supplements and herbal remedies. A diet that is low in sugar and fat may also help to reduce ADHD symptoms. Similarly, eliminating caffeine can also be helpful for some. It's important to tell your doctor about all the medications you or your child uses, including prescription drugs and herbal remedies. This can help reduce unwanted side effects and help prevent interactions. ADHD medications can affect every person differently, so it's sometimes a trial and error to find the right dosage and drug for your child or you.
