Ringgaardmathews1507

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is classified as a group 1 carcinogen. The main route of EBV transmission is oral, through saliva. The present study aimed to determine the frequency of EBV detection in the oral cavity in high school students in the city of Cali (Colombia).

Analytical cross-sectional study in order to determine the frequency of EBV detection in the oral cavity, the reasons for its prevalence and its association with several factors, in 1,565 individuals. The variables analyzed were sociodemographic factors, oral hygiene, oral health, sexual behavior, cigarrete smoking and alcohol intake. The association between the EBV detection and the variables evaluated was done through a generalized linear regression model with logarithmic linkage and Poisson distribution with robust variance.

The percentage of exposure to EBV in the oral cavity was 38.40% (CI 95% 36.02-40.84). The frequency of presenting EBV exposure was 22% higher in men and the risk increased according to sexual behaviour. An inverse association with the school grade was found the eleventh-grade participants had 27% less frequency of exposure to EBV than the lower grades (sixth to eighth). When analyzing the logistic model to study the association between EBV detection and independent variables, the association was overestimated. The overestimation ranged from 27 to 47% depending on the type of variable.

The frequency of EBV detection in the oral cavity of healthy students was similar to that previously described. Factors associated to sexual behavior increased the risk of opportunity to be exposed to EBV.

The frequency of EBV detection in the oral cavity of healthy students was similar to that previously described. Factors associated to sexual behavior increased the risk of opportunity to be exposed to EBV.

The prevalence of urinary incontinence and of other lower urinary tract symptoms increases after the menopause and affects between 38 % and 55 % of women aged over 60 years. While urinary incontinence has a profound impact on quality of life, few affected women seek care.

The aim of this clinical guide is to provide an evidence-based approach to the management of urinary incontinence in postmenopausal women.

Literature review and consensus of expert opinion.

Healthcare professionals should consider urinary incontinence a clinical priority and develop appropriate diagnostic skills. They should be able to identify and manage any relevant modifiable factors that could alleviate the condition. A wide range of treatment options is available. First-line management includes lifestyle and behavioral modification, pelvic floor exercises and bladder training. Estrogens and other pharmacological interventions are helpful in the treatment of urgency incontinence that does not respond to conservative measures. Thitoxin-A injections and posterior tibial nerve stimulation) are useful in selected patients with refractory urge incontinence. Surgery should be considered in postmenopausal women with stress incontinence. Midurethral slings, including retropubic and transobturator approaches, are safe and effective and should be offered.

After extensive pelvic surgery for cancer two flap types are used at Skåne University Hospital (SUS), Sweden for perineal reconstruction vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap and gluteal flap with or without vaginal reconstruction. The objective was to study the long-term outcomes in patients treated for advanced pelvic cancer receiving a flap.

Patients with pelvic cancer subjected to surgery including perineal reconstruction between January 2010 and August 2016at SUS were included retrospectively. selleck products Participating patients were scheduled for an out-patient visit. Questionnaires addressing quality of life, (QLQ-C30 and EQ-5D) and sexual function (FSFI and IIEF) were filled in. Sensitivity test, using monofilaments on the gluteal/posterior thigh area, neovaginal measurements using silicon gauges and muscular functionality tests (timed stands test and stairs test) were performed.

Thirty-six (24 women, 12 males) out of 71 invited patients conceded participation. Patients scored a median of 85/100 regardboth sexes and sensitivity in the surgical area of the gluteal flap is decreased.

To elucidate the trend and clinical spectrum of virologically diagnosed varicella patients after implementation of universal vaccination as a national immunization program in Japan.

Study subjects were patients suspected of varicella, less than 15years of age, who visited 14 pediatric clinics in the Nagoya VZV Study Group from September 2015 to August 2019. Practitioners collected patient samples and information such as backgrounds, clinical symptoms, and previous immunization status. All patients were confirmed as having varicella based on molecular diagnostic assays.

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) DNA was detected in swab samples from 506 (83.1%) of the 609 suspected patients. The 455 varicella patients for whom vaccination status was available were divided into two groups 180 universal vaccination targets and 275 non-targets. Numbers of monthly varicella patients decreased gradually during the observation period. In the 2016/17 season, the seasonal epidemic of varicella became undetectable in the unive implementation of national immunization with two doses of varicella vaccination, sporadic outbreaks still occurred, mainly in the non-universal vaccination target group. Insufficient vaccination of members of this group is likely to be a major reason for small local outbreaks.

Disparities in vaccine-preventable disease (VPD) burden and immunisation coverage between migrants and refugees and their host populations have been described in numerous countries worldwide. Effective strategies are required to reduce the health disparities and immunisation inequities experienced by migrants and refugees.

Using Arksey and O'Malley's framework, we conducted a scoping review to identify available literature on interventions aimed at reducing VPD burden among migrants and refugees worldwide. We searched for relevant empirical, peer-reviewed literature published in English between 2006 and 2018 using MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, CINAHL, Sociological Abstracts, and Web of Science databases. Relevant information from the studies, including intervention type, details and outcomes, were charted in Microsoft Excel and results were summarised using a descriptive analytical method.

Seventy studies met the inclusion criteria. The number of published studies increased over the years. The majority of studies were conducted in high-income countries.