Stephensonguerra7679

Methyl siloxanes are becoming increasingly prevalent in the environment because of their extensive use in various consumer products. Little is known about the distribution of these chemicals around factories or their presence in road dust. We conducted a survey of four cyclic (D3-D6) and 13 linear (L4-L16) siloxanes in road dusts around a manufacturing site and found a total siloxane concentration range of 47.3-3.16 × 103 ng/g (median 372). The predominant siloxanes in the road dust samples were D3, D4, D5, and D6, with median contributions of 65.3%, 17.9%, 6.36%, and 2.16% of the total siloxane concentrations, respectively. Our reported concentrations were comparable to those found in household dusts in previous studies. No high concentrations of siloxanes were observed in the road dust samples from the manufacturing site, which suggests that siloxanes in outdoor dusts are likely affected by many factors. Under a high exposure scenario, the daily intakes of total siloxanes via road dust ingestion at the 95th percentile were 2.13 and 0.313 ng/kg-bw/day for children and adults, respectively. Although the estimated exposure to siloxanes in outdoor dust for humans was low, more studies on the distributions and risks of siloxanes released from manufacturing sites are needed.As the construction industry generates more than 30% of global greenhouse gases and more than 40% of global urban waste every year, energy conservation and emission reduction has become extremely important. This study proposes an innovative output system that includes undesirable carbon dioxide and construction waste outputs. A three-stage DEA-Malmquist model is used to measure the energy efficiency of the construction industry in 30 Chinese provinces from 2008 to 2017, and a stochastic frontier method is used in the second stage to analyze and remove the energy efficiency influences of environmental factors and random errors. It was found that the total factor energy efficiency change (TFEECH) and technology change (TECH) in China's construction industry was underestimated because of the environmental factors and random errors. GRP per capita, energy consumption structures, industrial development degrees, and industrial concentrations were all found to play a positive role in improving energy efficiency; however, urbanization levels, technical equipment, policy support, and marketization were found to have a negative effect. Policy suggestions are given based on the empirical results.In this study, the co-effect of clay mineral-based photocatalyst and humic acid on the photodegradation of dye was revealed for the first time. The clay mineral-based photocatalyst, maifanite/g-C3N4, was prepared using the co-calcining method. The physical and chemical properties of the maifanite/g-C3N4 photocatalysts with various ratios were characterized by multiple characterization methods, including SEM, XPS, BET, UV-Vis, FTIR, contact angle, and XRD. The respective degradation experiment of humic acid and RhB was performed using maifanite/g-C3N4 photocatalysts. The degradation process of mixture solution of humic acid and RhB was measured using EEM and UV-vis. The result indicates that in the presence of humic acid, low ratio of maifanite/g-C3N4 inhibits the production of by-products derived from the interaction of humic acid and the degradation of RhB. However, high ratio of maifanite/g-C3N4 is not conducive to the degradation of RhB. The ratio of 13 for maifanite/g-C3N4 is optimal for the photodegradation of RhB in the presence of humic acid. This article provides a new perspective to develop the co-effect of clay mineral and humic acid in the photodegradation of organic pollutant.This study reports the selective hydrophilization of the ABS/PC blend surface using the peroxide-sonochemical system and then its selective separation by froth flotation technique from other ABS-based plastics (ABS, ABS/PMMA) and PS/HIPS in electronic shredder residue (ESR). FT-IR and XPS measurements confirm that the hydrophilic moiety development on the ABS/PC surface led to increasing the wettability of ABS/PC and then decreased its floatability. The confocal scanning results also support the enhancement of microscale roughness of the treated ABS/PC surface. The enhanced surface roughness is attributed to the oxidative process which degrades hydrophobic moieties and promotes hydrophilic functional groups on the ABS/PC surface using commercial oxidant peroxide and ultrasound. selleck inhibitor This study also investigated removal of Br-containing compounds on the ABS/PC surface. The optimum conditions for selectively ABS/PC separation are peroxide concentration 2%, power cycle 70%, treatment time 5 min, temperature 50 °C, floating agent concentration 0.4 mg/L, flotation time 2 min, and airflow rate 0.5 L/min. ABS/PC was selectively separated from ESR styrene plastics with high recovery and purity of 98.9% and 99.8%, respectively. Hence, the developed novel surface treatments having removal of hazardous Br chemicals and none-formation of secondary pollutants should be applied for upgrading plastic recycling quality.The aim of this study was to determine the essential element (Zn, Ca, K, Fe, Na, and Mg), essential trace element (Co, Mn, Cr, and Cu), and non-essential element (Pb, Ni, and Cd) contents of eight different Russula species (R. risigallina (Batsch) Sacc., R. cyanoxantha (Schaeff.) Fr., R. delica Fr., R. vinosa Lindblad, R. olivacea (Schaeff.) Fr., R. velenovskyi Melzer & Zvára, R. turci Bres., and R. parazurea Jul. Schäff.) collected from Soguksu National Park (Turkey), which is a region away from the city center (Kizilcahamam, Ankara). In addition to the metal contents of these species, daily intake and health risk index values of the metals in question were also calculated and discussed. As a result of elemental analysis, the major elements were K (28980-58,380 mg/kg), Mg (704-1404 mg/kg), and Ca (190-1662 mg/kg). Except for R. risigallina, R. olivacea, and R. velenovskyi, elemental concentrations were within the limits that can be safely consumed as nutrients in terms of their metal content. The daily intakes of metal (DIM) values of R.