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We successfully organised the first endoscopic hands-on course for the training of endoscopic stricturotomy on a large animal model.

Although transversus abdominis release (TAR) to treat large incisional hernias has shown favorable postoperative outcomes, devastating complications may occur when it is used in suboptimal conditions. We aimed to evaluate postoperative outcomes and long-term follow-up after TAR for large incisional hernias.

A consecutive series of patients undergoing TAR for complex incisional hernias between 2014 and 2019 with a minimum of 6month follow-up was included. Demographics, operative and postoperative variables were analyzed. Postoperative imaging (CT-scan) was also evaluated to detect occult recurrences. The HerQLes survey for quality of life (QoL) assessment was performed preoperatively and 6months after the surgery.

A total of 50 TAR repairs were performed. Mean age was 65 (35-83) years, BMI was 28.5 ± 3.4kg/m

, and 8 (16%) patients had diabetes. Mean Tanaka index was 14.2 ± 8.5. Mean defect area was 420 (100-720) cm

, average defect width was 19 ± 6.2cm, and mesh area was 900 (500-1050) cm

 ; 78% were clean procedures, and in 60% a panniculectomy was associated. Operative time was 252 (162-438) minutes, and hospital stay was 4.5 (2-16) days. Thirty-day morbidity was 24% (12 patients), and 16% (8 patients) had surgical site infections. Overall recurrence rate was 4% (2 patients) after 28.2 ± 20.1months of follow-up. QoL showed a significant improvement after surgery (p = 0.001).

The TAR technique is an effective treatment modality for large incisional hernias, showing an acceptable postoperative morbidity, a significant improvement in QoL, and low recurrence rates at long-term follow-up.

The TAR technique is an effective treatment modality for large incisional hernias, showing an acceptable postoperative morbidity, a significant improvement in QoL, and low recurrence rates at long-term follow-up.

We investigated the association between an increased intake of one dairy product subgroup at the expense of another within a 5-year period and the subsequent 10-year risk of type 2 diabetes.

The cohort included 39,393 adults with two measurements of diet assessed using food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) administered in 1993-1997 and 1999-2003. Dairy products were milk (skimmed, semi-skimmed, whole fat), buttermilk, low-fat yogurt, whole-fat yogurt, cheese and butter. Type 2 diabetes cases were ascertained from the Danish National Diabetes Register. The pseudo-observation method was used to calculate risk differences (RD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The data were analysed in age strata to fulfil the assumption of independent entry.

Among participants aged 56-59years at completion of the follow-up FFQ, increased intake of whole-fat yogurt in place of skimmed, semi-skimmed or whole-fat milk was associated with a reduced risk (RD% [95% CI] -0.8% [-1.3, -0.2]; -0.6% [-1,1, -0.1]; -0.7 [-1.2, -0.1]; per 50g/d, respectively). Among participants aged 60-64 and 65-72, substitution of skimmed milk for semi-skimmed milk was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (0.5% [0.2, 0.7]; 0.4% [0.1, 0.7]; per 50g/d, respectively). Similar patterns of associations were found after adjustment for potential mediators.

Our results suggest that substitution of whole-fat yogurt for milk among those aged 56-59 decreases risk of type 2 diabetes and substitution of skimmed milk for semi-skimmed milk may increase the risk among those aged 60-64 and 65-72.

Our results suggest that substitution of whole-fat yogurt for milk among those aged 56-59 decreases risk of type 2 diabetes and substitution of skimmed milk for semi-skimmed milk may increase the risk among those aged 60-64 and 65-72.

Studies regarding the association between dietary fat intake and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are limited and provide conflicting findings. Thus, the study aims to examine the association of dietary fat intake in the year preceding pregnancy and during pregnancy with the risk of GDM, taking the relevance of dietary protein intake on GDM into consideration.

A prospective study was conducted in 6299 singleton pregnancies, using the data from the Nutrition in Pregnancy and Growth in Southwest China (NPGSC). A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary fat intake in the year preceding pregnancy and during the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the prospective associations of dietary fat intake and the type and source of dietary fats in different time windows with GDM risk.

Higher intake of total fat [OR (95% CI) 2.21 (1.19-4.20), P = 0.02] during 12-22weeks of gestation was associated with higher GDM risk. However, adjustment for animal protein intake greatly attenuated this association [OR (95% CI) 1.81 (0.93, 3.64), P = 0.11]. Total fat intake neither in the year preceding pregnancy nor during the early pregnancy was associated with GDM risk. DNA alkylator inhibitor Moreover, insignificant associations were observed between intakes of vegetable fat, animal fat, cholesterol, saturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid one year before pregnancy and during the first and second trimesters and GDM risk.

Our study indicated that dietary fat intake one year before pregnancy and across the two pregnancy trimesters preceding the diagnosis of GDM has no relevance on GDM risk among Chinese women, particularly those with normal BMI, low, or normal calorie intake.

Our study indicated that dietary fat intake one year before pregnancy and across the two pregnancy trimesters preceding the diagnosis of GDM has no relevance on GDM risk among Chinese women, particularly those with normal BMI, low, or normal calorie intake.

Prenatal vitamin D (VitD) deficiency influences children's health in later life. We aimed to test the associations between maternal VitD status in each of the three trimesters of pregnancy and cord blood 25(OH)D concentrations in newborns.

Participants were pregnant women recruited from the Shanghai Birth Cohort (SBC) (n = 1100). Of all the participants, 946 completed the collection of venous blood at early (< 16weeks, T1), mid- (24-28weeks, T2), and late (32-34weeks, T3) pregnancy as well as the corresponding cord blood in the newborns. Maternal serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured by LC-MS/MS, and the information on confounding factors was obtained through a standardized questionnaire.

The mean 25(OH)D concentrations at time points T1, T2, T3 in maternal blood and cord blood of the newborns were 26.31ng/mL, 31.92ng/mL, 35.62ng/mL, and 19.77ng/mL, respectively. Neonatal 25(OH)D level in cord blood was positively correlated with maternal serum 25(OH)D levels at each trimester, and the strongest correlation was found at time point T3.