Damsgaardpettersson3332

We discuss the need for whole-school approaches that enhance social and academic support from teachers to reduce mutual forms of victimization and suggest a public health approach that places the school in the center. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).Historically, intensive obsessive-compulsive and related disorder (OCRD) treatment settings have been underrepresentative in terms of patient race and ethnicity. The present study piloted a novel technique to measure multiple marginalized identities and assess their impact on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms and treatment response across intensive residential treatment (IRT). Participants included 715 residents receiving IRT for OCRD. Measures included the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (DOCS), Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire-44, and measures of depression and quality of life. Sodium Monensin In addition, we piloted a marginalized identity score, an additive measure of intersectionality. Most patients endorsed holding primarily privileged identities. Higher marginalized identity score was significantly correlated with higher depression symptom severity and lower quality of life throughout treatment. Both at baseline and discharge, higher marginalized identity score was significantly and positively correlated with greater OCD symptom severity. Higher marginalized identity score was significantly associated with greater severity of DOCS1, DOCS2, DOCS4, and obsessive beliefs across multiple domains. Consistent with previous literature, patients in our IRT setting were not demographically representative of the general population. Individuals with more marginalized identities endorsed higher symptoms of OCD, obsessive beliefs, OCD dimensions, and depression, as well as lower quality of life at admission and discharge. Results support increased consideration of the role marginalization plays in symptom severity, symptom presentation, and treatment response across treatment settings. Further investigation is warranted to better address the multiplicative effects of holding intersecting marginalized identities and how treatment may be adapted to ameliorate these inequities. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).Guided by the dual factor model of mental health and the resilience portfolio model, this study sought to identify protective factors that distinguish adolescents who exhibit different patterns of psychological symptoms and well-being. Participants were 466 twelve- to 17-year-old adolescents recruited from the Appalachian region of 3 Southern states who completed measures of psychological symptomatology, well-being and a range of protective factors. Analyses showed that, after accounting for adversity, the most consistent differences in both individual strengths and external resources were found between the groups who differed in well-being rather than those differing in symptoms. The findings indicate that assessing well-being in addition to psychopathology offers insights about protective factors that cannot be obtained by operationalizing health solely in terms of low levels of adjustment problems and has implications for prevention and intervention strategies designed to promote resilience in adolescents. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).Despite the existence of effective behavioral interventions for people diagnosed with serious mental illness (SMI), these continue to be underutilized. Barriers to implementation include a low frequency of staff-patient interactions, as well as a lack of knowledge about, and negative attitudes toward, behavioral interventions. Therefore, we examined the effects of a mandatory behavioral staff-training program on staff-patient interactions on a long-term psychiatric inpatient program for individuals with SMI. Staff-training consisted of two-phases didactic training followed by a written exam, and in vivo training and assessment. From pre- to posttraining, all staff demonstrated increased positive and therapeutic behaviors and decreased negative behaviors when interacting with patients. Additionally, at baseline, nonmedical staff (psychologists, social workers) displayed significantly more therapeutic and fewer negative behaviors compared with medical staff (psychiatrists, nurses, mental health workers), and this pattern persisted at posttraining despite improvements in both groups. Importantly, completion of the staff-training program was associated with improvements in patient behavior. Although both written and in vivo test scores significantly predicted change in negative staff behaviors toward patients, the in vivo test performance increased predictive ability over and above that of written test performance. Staff who disagreed with behavioral management principles displayed less improvement in negative behaviors from pre- to postassessment. These data have implications for clarifying staff training needs in programs for chronically ill people with SMI. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).To advance understanding of parents' and adolescents' unique and shared perspectives of familism, a core cultural value in Mexican-origin families, our study addressed 2 goals. First, we identified family members' unique and shared perspectives of familism values using multitrait-multimethod confirmatory factor analysis (Kenny & Kashy, 1992). Second, we examined links between family members' unique and shared perspectives of familism values and mother-youth and father-youth warmth and conflict. Participants were mothers, fathers, and 2 siblings (Mage = 15.48 years for older and Mage = 12.55 years for younger siblings) from 246 Mexican-origin families who were interviewed in their homes on 2 occasions over 5 years. Results indicated that familism values operated as an individual-level process more so than a family-level process and that youth's familism values were most consistently linked to parent-youth relationship quality. These findings provide novel insights into investigating family system dynamics involving familism values, suggest that youth's familism values may keep them connected to their families during adolescence, and highlight potential implications for prevention and intervention programs geared toward Mexican-origin families. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).